泰国季节性常绿林中乔木和藤本植物的物种组合及其驱动因素存在差异

IF 2.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Ecosphere Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI:10.1002/ecs2.4942
Wirong Chanthorn, Thorsten Wiegand, Anuttara Nathalang, Rajapandian Kanagaraj, Stuart Davies, Zhenhua Sun, Nitin K. Tripathi, Maxime Réjou-Méchain, Warren Y. Brockelman
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引用次数: 0

摘要

尽管生态学界长期以来一直在研究热带森林群落中的树种组合及其潜在驱动因素,但有关热带森林中第二大木本植物生命形式--藤本植物(木质攀援植物)的信息却很少。藤本植物影响森林的多样性和稳定性,并为森林动物提供重要资源。我们利用泰国一块 30 公顷的独特地块数据集(该数据集对树木和藤本植物个体进行了全面测绘),研究了当地不同大小等级(即幼苗、成熟个体和大型个体)的树木和藤本植物物种组合与当地环境条件的相关程度。我们的问题是:(1)当地树木和藤本植物物种组合的空间模式和环境驱动因素是什么?(2)这些模式和驱动因素在不同大小等级之间有何不同?(3)哪些物种与这些物种群有关?当地已成活树木的集合体显示出环境变量的巨大结构性,而我们发现所有大小等级的树苗、大树和藤本植物的集合体结构性都很弱。我们的研究结果表明,在不同大小等级的树木和藤本植物群落之间,当地物种组合的生物和非生物驱动因素存在很大差异。树木的物种群落主要由土壤养分驱动,导致与高碱基饱和度(Alfisols)相关的成片群落和与较低碱基饱和度和较高铝含量(Ultisols)相关的群落,而树木幼苗群落仅受河岸带的微弱结构影响。相比之下,成熟的大型藤本植物的物种组合主要与林冠结构有关,将低冠森林与高冠森林区分开来,而土壤养分是唯一与藤本植物幼苗组合有关的因素。树苗和大树的弱环境结构表明,随机干扰、空间竞争或动物种子散播等其他机制可能在这片季节性热带森林的树木群落结构中发挥着重要作用。在各生命阶段观察到的藤本植物群落的微弱模式提出了有关藤本植物群落组成的基本机制的问题,进一步的研究应侧重于藤本植物的生态位、其扩散机制和寄主树的关系。
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Species assemblages and their drivers differ between trees and lianas in a seasonal evergreen forest in Thailand

Despite a long tradition in ecology of studying tree species assembly and its potential drivers in tropical forest communities, little information exists with respect to lianas (woody climbers), the second most abundant life form of woody plants in tropical forests. Lianas influence forest diversity and stability and provide critical resources for forest fauna. Using a unique dataset of a 30-ha plot in Thailand, where tree and liana individuals were fully mapped, we investigated the degree to which local species assemblages of trees and lianas of different size classes (i.e., seedlings, established individuals, and large individuals) are related to local environmental conditions. We asked (1) What are the spatial patterns and environmental drivers of local tree and liana species assemblages? (2) How do such patterns and drivers differ among size classes? (3) Which species associate with these assemblages? Local assemblages of established trees showed substantial structuring by environmental variables, whereas we found only weakly structured assemblages of tree seedlings, large trees, and lianas of all size classes. Our results indicated that the biotic and abiotic drivers of local species assemblages differed strongly between tree and liana communities and across size classes. Species assemblages of trees were mainly driven by soil nutrients, leading to patchy assemblages associated with high base saturation (Alfisols) and assemblages associated with lower levels of base saturation and higher aluminum (Ultisols), whereas tree seedling assemblages were only weakly structured by riparian zones. In contrast, species assemblages of established and large lianas were primarily associated with forest canopy structure, separating low-canopy forests from high-canopy forests, whereas soil nutrients were the only factors associated with liana seedling assemblages. The weak environmental structuring of tree seedlings and large trees suggests that other mechanisms, such as stochastic disturbances, competition for space, or animal seed dispersal, may play an important role in structuring tree communities in this seasonal tropical forest. The weak patterns observed in liana communities across all life stages raise questions about the underlying mechanisms of liana community assembly, and further research should focus on liana niches, their dispersal mechanisms, and host tree relations.

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来源期刊
Ecosphere
Ecosphere ECOLOGY-
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
3.70%
发文量
378
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊介绍: The scope of Ecosphere is as broad as the science of ecology itself. The journal welcomes submissions from all sub-disciplines of ecological science, as well as interdisciplinary studies relating to ecology. The journal''s goal is to provide a rapid-publication, online-only, open-access alternative to ESA''s other journals, while maintaining the rigorous standards of peer review for which ESA publications are renowned.
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