{"title":"代数上的分级和分级线性映射","authors":"Antonio Ioppolo, Fabrizio Martino","doi":"10.1515/forum-2024-0098","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Let <jats:italic>A</jats:italic> be a superalgebra over a field <jats:italic>F</jats:italic> of characteristic zero. We prove tight relations between graded automorphisms, pseudoautomorphisms, superautomorphisms and <jats:italic>K</jats:italic>-gradings on <jats:italic>A</jats:italic>, where <jats:italic>K</jats:italic> is the Klein group. Moreover, we investigate the consequences of such connections within the theory of polynomial identities. In the second part we focus on the superalgebra <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>U</m:mi> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:msub> <m:mi>T</m:mi> <m:mi>n</m:mi> </m:msub> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</m:mo> <m:mi>F</m:mi> <m:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_forum-2024-0098_eq_0217.png\"/> <jats:tex-math>{UT_{n}(F)}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> of <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>n</m:mi> <m:mo>×</m:mo> <m:mi>n</m:mi> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_forum-2024-0098_eq_0407.png\"/> <jats:tex-math>{n\\times n}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> upper triangular matrices by completely classifying the graded-pseudo-super automorphism that one can define on it. Finally, we compute the ideals of identities of <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>U</m:mi> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:msub> <m:mi>T</m:mi> <m:mi>n</m:mi> </m:msub> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</m:mo> <m:mi>F</m:mi> <m:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_forum-2024-0098_eq_0217.png\"/> <jats:tex-math>{UT_{n}(F)}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> endowed with a graded or a pseudo automorphism, for any <jats:italic>n</jats:italic>, and the ideals of identities with superautomorphism in the cases <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>n</m:mi> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:mn>2</m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_forum-2024-0098_eq_0403.png\"/> <jats:tex-math>{n=2}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> and <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>n</m:mi> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:mn>3</m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_forum-2024-0098_eq_0404.png\"/> <jats:tex-math>{n=3}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>.","PeriodicalId":12433,"journal":{"name":"Forum Mathematicum","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Gradings and graded linear maps on algebras\",\"authors\":\"Antonio Ioppolo, Fabrizio Martino\",\"doi\":\"10.1515/forum-2024-0098\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Let <jats:italic>A</jats:italic> be a superalgebra over a field <jats:italic>F</jats:italic> of characteristic zero. We prove tight relations between graded automorphisms, pseudoautomorphisms, superautomorphisms and <jats:italic>K</jats:italic>-gradings on <jats:italic>A</jats:italic>, where <jats:italic>K</jats:italic> is the Klein group. Moreover, we investigate the consequences of such connections within the theory of polynomial identities. In the second part we focus on the superalgebra <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>U</m:mi> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:msub> <m:mi>T</m:mi> <m:mi>n</m:mi> </m:msub> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">(</m:mo> <m:mi>F</m:mi> <m:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">)</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" xlink:href=\\\"graphic/j_forum-2024-0098_eq_0217.png\\\"/> <jats:tex-math>{UT_{n}(F)}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> of <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>n</m:mi> <m:mo>×</m:mo> <m:mi>n</m:mi> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" xlink:href=\\\"graphic/j_forum-2024-0098_eq_0407.png\\\"/> <jats:tex-math>{n\\\\times n}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> upper triangular matrices by completely classifying the graded-pseudo-super automorphism that one can define on it. Finally, we compute the ideals of identities of <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>U</m:mi> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:msub> <m:mi>T</m:mi> <m:mi>n</m:mi> </m:msub> <m:mo></m:mo> <m:mrow> <m:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">(</m:mo> <m:mi>F</m:mi> <m:mo stretchy=\\\"false\\\">)</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" xlink:href=\\\"graphic/j_forum-2024-0098_eq_0217.png\\\"/> <jats:tex-math>{UT_{n}(F)}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> endowed with a graded or a pseudo automorphism, for any <jats:italic>n</jats:italic>, and the ideals of identities with superautomorphism in the cases <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>n</m:mi> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:mn>2</m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" xlink:href=\\\"graphic/j_forum-2024-0098_eq_0403.png\\\"/> <jats:tex-math>{n=2}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> and <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\"> <m:mrow> <m:mi>n</m:mi> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:mn>3</m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\\\" xlink:href=\\\"graphic/j_forum-2024-0098_eq_0404.png\\\"/> <jats:tex-math>{n=3}</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>.\",\"PeriodicalId\":12433,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Forum Mathematicum\",\"volume\":\"40 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-04\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Forum Mathematicum\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"100\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1515/forum-2024-0098\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"数学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MATHEMATICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Forum Mathematicum","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1515/forum-2024-0098","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
设 A 是特征为零的域 F 上的超代数。我们证明了 A 上的级数自变形、伪自变形、超自变形和 K 级数(其中 K 是克莱因群)之间的紧密关系。此外,我们还研究了这种联系在多项式同构理论中的后果。在第二部分中,我们将重点放在 n × n {n\times n} 上三角矩阵的超代数 U T n ( F ) {UT_{n}(F)} 上,对可以在其上定义的分级伪超自变量进行完全分类。最后,我们计算了任意 n 的 U T n ( F ) {UT_{n}(F)} 带有分级或伪自形性的同调理想,以及 n = 2 {n=2} 和 n = 3 {n=3} 两种情况下带超同形性的同调理想。
Let A be a superalgebra over a field F of characteristic zero. We prove tight relations between graded automorphisms, pseudoautomorphisms, superautomorphisms and K-gradings on A, where K is the Klein group. Moreover, we investigate the consequences of such connections within the theory of polynomial identities. In the second part we focus on the superalgebra UTn(F){UT_{n}(F)} of n×n{n\times n} upper triangular matrices by completely classifying the graded-pseudo-super automorphism that one can define on it. Finally, we compute the ideals of identities of UTn(F){UT_{n}(F)} endowed with a graded or a pseudo automorphism, for any n, and the ideals of identities with superautomorphism in the cases n=2{n=2} and n=3{n=3}.
期刊介绍:
Forum Mathematicum is a general mathematics journal, which is devoted to the publication of research articles in all fields of pure and applied mathematics, including mathematical physics. Forum Mathematicum belongs to the top 50 journals in pure and applied mathematics, as measured by citation impact.