{"title":"子可三维空间的闭合和开闭图像","authors":"Vlad Smolin","doi":"10.1016/j.topol.2024.109031","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We prove that:</p><ul><li><span>1.</span><span><p>If a Hausdorff M-space is a continuous closed image of a submetrizable space, then it is metrizable.</p></span></li><li><span>2.</span><span><p>A dense-in-itself open-closed image of a submetrizable space is submetrizable if and only if it is functionally Hausdorff and has a countable pseudocharacter.</p></span></li><li><span>3.</span><span><p>Let <em>Y</em> be a dense-in-itself space with the following property: <span><math><mo>∀</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>Y</mi><mspace></mspace><mo>∃</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>⊆</mo><mi>Y</mi><mspace></mspace><mo>[</mo><mi>y</mi><mtext> is a non-isolated q-point in </mtext><mi>Q</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>]</mo></math></span>. If <em>Y</em> is an open-closed image of a submetrizable space, then <em>Y</em> is submetrizable.</p></span></li><li><span>4.</span><span><p>There exist a submetrizable space <em>X</em>, a regular hereditarily paracompact non submetrizable first-countable space <em>Y</em>, and an open-closed map <span><math><mi>f</mi><mo>:</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>→</mo><mi>Y</mi></math></span>.</p></span></li></ul></div>","PeriodicalId":51201,"journal":{"name":"Topology and its Applications","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 109031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Closed and open-closed images of submetrizable spaces\",\"authors\":\"Vlad Smolin\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.topol.2024.109031\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>We prove that:</p><ul><li><span>1.</span><span><p>If a Hausdorff M-space is a continuous closed image of a submetrizable space, then it is metrizable.</p></span></li><li><span>2.</span><span><p>A dense-in-itself open-closed image of a submetrizable space is submetrizable if and only if it is functionally Hausdorff and has a countable pseudocharacter.</p></span></li><li><span>3.</span><span><p>Let <em>Y</em> be a dense-in-itself space with the following property: <span><math><mo>∀</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>Y</mi><mspace></mspace><mo>∃</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>⊆</mo><mi>Y</mi><mspace></mspace><mo>[</mo><mi>y</mi><mtext> is a non-isolated q-point in </mtext><mi>Q</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>]</mo></math></span>. If <em>Y</em> is an open-closed image of a submetrizable space, then <em>Y</em> is submetrizable.</p></span></li><li><span>4.</span><span><p>There exist a submetrizable space <em>X</em>, a regular hereditarily paracompact non submetrizable first-countable space <em>Y</em>, and an open-closed map <span><math><mi>f</mi><mo>:</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>→</mo><mi>Y</mi></math></span>.</p></span></li></ul></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":51201,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Topology and its Applications\",\"volume\":\"356 \",\"pages\":\"Article 109031\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-08\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Topology and its Applications\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"100\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166864124002165\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"数学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"MATHEMATICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Topology and its Applications","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166864124002165","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Closed and open-closed images of submetrizable spaces
We prove that:
1.
If a Hausdorff M-space is a continuous closed image of a submetrizable space, then it is metrizable.
2.
A dense-in-itself open-closed image of a submetrizable space is submetrizable if and only if it is functionally Hausdorff and has a countable pseudocharacter.
3.
Let Y be a dense-in-itself space with the following property: . If Y is an open-closed image of a submetrizable space, then Y is submetrizable.
4.
There exist a submetrizable space X, a regular hereditarily paracompact non submetrizable first-countable space Y, and an open-closed map .
期刊介绍:
Topology and its Applications is primarily concerned with publishing original research papers of moderate length. However, a limited number of carefully selected survey or expository papers are also included. The mathematical focus of the journal is that suggested by the title: Research in Topology. It is felt that it is inadvisable to attempt a definitive description of topology as understood for this journal. Certainly the subject includes the algebraic, general, geometric, and set-theoretic facets of topology as well as areas of interactions between topology and other mathematical disciplines, e.g. topological algebra, topological dynamics, functional analysis, category theory. Since the roles of various aspects of topology continue to change, the non-specific delineation of topics serves to reflect the current state of research in topology.
At regular intervals, the journal publishes a section entitled Open Problems in Topology, edited by J. van Mill and G.M. Reed. This is a status report on the 1100 problems listed in the book of the same name published by North-Holland in 1990, edited by van Mill and Reed.