通过考虑生理学和环境因素改进氨基酸稳定同位素的营养位置估算

IF 2.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Ecosphere Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI:10.1002/ecs2.4944
Agnes M. L. Karlson, Caroline Ek, Douglas Jones
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引用次数: 0

摘要

氨基酸(δ15N-AA)的氮同位素分析正越来越多地被用于解读营养动态。对消费者体内δ15N-AA 的解释依赖于这样一个假设,即消费者的生理状态和猎物的营养状况对营养级判别因子(TDF)的影响可以忽略不计,因此营养级位置(TP)方程中使用的是恒定的 TDF 值。最近的实验表明,情况并非总是如此,因此有必要在实地验证推导出的 TP 估计值。我们利用了波罗的海物种贫乏地区独特的长时间系列环境监测数据和存档(冷冻)样本。我们分析了 1980-2018 四十年间鳕鱼及其猎物鲱鱼中相似大小个体的 δ15N-AA,其中包括鳕鱼状态急剧下降的时间段。我们预计,在鳕鱼状况不佳的时期,营养AA中的TDF会增加,从而导致TP估计值升高。我们发现,近几十年来,鳕鱼营养AAs中δ15N的计算TP和经验估计TDF(鳕鱼和鲱鱼营养AAs中δ15N的差异)有所增加,这与状态、鲱鱼(猎物)脂质含量和生态系统的缺氧状态有关。根据鱼体状况、猎物脂质含量和环境压力(缺氧)对鳕鱼总磷进行统计调整后,鳕鱼的总磷降低了,这与近几十年来观察到的鲱鱼总磷降低的情况更为相似。根据同期鳕鱼个体胃分析数据计算出的鳕鱼膳食膳食总摄入量(TP)没有随时间变化的趋势,证实了调整后的鳕鱼膳食膳食总摄入量(TP)估计值比未经调整的更能反映真实的膳食膳食总摄入量(TP)。通过同时测量捕食者和被捕食者的状况/营养状态,有可能将它们作为混杂变量进行调整,并解读实际的消费者膳食总摄入量,从而部分克服了未知和可变的 TDF 值问题。我们的研究还凸显了在解释TP和重建食物网时将环境压力因素(此处为缺氧)包括在内的重要性。
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Improving trophic position estimates from amino acid stable isotopes by accounting for physiology and environment

Nitrogen isotope analyses of amino acids (δ15N-AA) are being increasingly used to decipher trophic dynamics. Interpretation of δ15N-AA in consumers relies on the assumption that consumer physiological status and nutritional status of prey have negligible influences on the trophic discrimination factor (TDF), hence a constant TDF value is used in trophic position (TP) equations. Recent experiments have shown that this is not always the case and there is also a need to validate derived TP estimates in the field. We take advantage of the uniquely long time series of environmental monitoring data and archived (frozen) samples from the species-poor Baltic Sea. We analyzed δ15N-AA in similar sized individuals of cod and in its prey herring from four decades, 1980–2018; including time periods where dramatic reduction in condition status of cod has occurred. We expected that TDF in trophic AAs would increase during periods of poor cod condition, resulting in inflated TP estimates. We found that calculated TP and empirical estimates of TDF (difference in δ15N in trophic AAs between cod and herring) for cod increased in recent decades and that this was linked to condition status, herring (prey) lipid content and the hypoxic state of the ecosystem. Statistically adjusting TP for condition and prey lipid content as well as environmental stress (hypoxia) resulted in lower cod TP which better resembled the observed decrease in herring TP in recent decades. TP calculated from stomach analysis data in cod individuals over the same period showed no trend over time and confirmed that adjusted TP estimates mirror the real dietary TP better than unadjusted. By simultaneously measuring condition/nutritional status in both predator and prey it is possible to adjust for them as confounding variables and decipher actual consumer TP, partly overcoming the issues of unknown and variable TDF-values. Our study also highlights the importance of including environmental stressors (here hypoxia) when interpreting TP and reconstructing food webs.

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来源期刊
Ecosphere
Ecosphere ECOLOGY-
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
3.70%
发文量
378
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊介绍: The scope of Ecosphere is as broad as the science of ecology itself. The journal welcomes submissions from all sub-disciplines of ecological science, as well as interdisciplinary studies relating to ecology. The journal''s goal is to provide a rapid-publication, online-only, open-access alternative to ESA''s other journals, while maintaining the rigorous standards of peer review for which ESA publications are renowned.
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