Comprehensive analysis of bone tissue in extraction sockets of third molars after leukocyte and platelet rich fibrin and photobiomodulation applications.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) and photobiomodulation (PBM) applications, which have been repeatedly reported to be superior to control groups, in terms of pain, soft tissue and bone healing in tooth extraction sockets.

Materials and methods: This double-blind, randomized clinical study was completed with 34 patients, who had an indication for extraction of their bilaterally impacted teeth. The right and left teeth of the patients were randomly divided into L-PRF and PBM groups. L-PRF group was treated with the blood product centrifuged for 12 min at 2700 rpm, and the PBM group was treated with a diode laser at different points for 60 s with a wavelength of 940 nm in repeated sessions. Postoperative pain was evaluated using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), soft tissue healing with Landry Index (LI), tissue healing in the distal region of mandibular second molar by probing depth measurement, and bone healing via panoramic x-ray using the Image J program.

Results: No statistically significant difference was found for any variable compared between the groups.

Conclusion: L-PRF and PBM applications provide similar support in the healing of extraction sockets. Nevertheless, the advantages and disadvantages of both methods determine their usage areas.

Clinical relevance: While L-PRF is advantageous in the early healing of extraction sockets, PBM may be preferred in terms of bone trabeculation in the long term.