[The effect of various visual impairments on the daily activities of older patients.]

Visual impairment due to ophthalmological diseases significantly affects functional activity in everyday life, since good eyesight is crucial in daily activities. Data from 837 respondents were studied, allowing for analysis of such medical and demographic indicators as age, gender, level of education, visual acuity arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus. To measure functional status, the main activities in daily life (ADL) and instrumental activities in daily life (IADL) were evaluated using a modified version of the Katz scale and the IADL OARS scale. Statistical methods of Mantel-Hansel Chi-squared analysis were used to assess differences in the prevalence of functional blindness and visual deficit. The study showed that medical and demographic factors have a relatively smaller impact on vision deficiency compared to functional blindness, with age being a significant factor in both cases. Among the medical and demographic factors, the age of patients, as well as diabetes mellitus, significantly increase the development of visual deficiency and functional blindness. Functional blindness, in comparison with visual deficiency, causes more significant restrictions on activities in everyday life and instrumental activities in everyday life, and also causes dependence on help from others.