地中海植物群落系统发育多样性中土地利用历史和干扰机制的印记

IF 2.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Ecosphere Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI:10.1002/ecs2.4972
Anna Mastrogianni, Diogenis A. Kiziridis, Magdalini Pleniou, Fotios Xystrakis, Spyros Tsiftsis, Ioannis Tsiripidis
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在上个世纪,地中海地区的地貌受到了大量弃耕和其他土地利用方式的严重影响。土地利用的这些变化会在景观层面上改变植物群落内的干扰和竞争平衡,从而对多样性模式产生重大影响。特别是,人们发现这些变化会通过过滤效应和景观同质化造成物种的非随机损失,从而影响系统发育的多样性和结构模式。通过调查希腊西北部(亚)山区(平杜斯北部)土地利用高度变化地区的多样性模式,我们旨在了解系统发育多样性和结构模式与土地废弃及随后自然植被恢复的关系。我们对 250 块植被地块进行了取样,这些地块平均分为草地和森林,并根据土地使用最后一次变化后的时间分布在整个研究区域的不同土地使用类别中。我们采用了费丝系统发育多样性、平均系统发育距离和平均最近分类群距离的标准化指标来研究不同群落和不同土地利用方式之间的系统发育多样性模式。利用系统发育结构主坐标分析来评估群落间世系组成的变化,并利用提升回归树来确定群落分化(通过将采样地块划分为生态和植物学上不同的植被群落来体现)、植物生活策略(竞争、胁迫耐受性和干扰)以及气候、地形和土壤变量对系统发育多样性指标的相对影响。群落分化被认为是系统发育模式的主要驱动因素。此外,系统发育多样性和结构与干扰有显著的负相关性,与胁迫耐受性有显著的正相关性,与竞争的正相关性较弱。在受到较强干扰影响的早期演替草地群落中观察到了系统发育聚类现象,而在受到较强竞争影响的森林群落中观察到了系统发育随机性(或很少过度分散)。最后,草地群落的系统发育聚类在土地撂荒后不久更为明显。
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Imprints of land use history and disturbance regime in phylogenetic diversity of Mediterranean plant communities

Mediterranean landscapes were drastically affected by high levels of abandonment of agricultural and other land practices during the last century. These changes in land use can have significant effects on diversity patterns by altering disturbance and competition equilibria within plant communities at the landscape level. Particularly, such changes have been found to affect the patterns of phylogenetic diversity and structure by causing nonrandom losses of species through filtering effects and landscape homogenization. By investigating diversity patterns across a region submitted to high levels of land use changes, located in a (sub-) mountainous area of northwestern Greece (northern Pindus), we aimed at understanding the patterns of phylogenetic diversity and structure in relation to land abandonment and the subsequent recovery of natural vegetation. We sampled 250 vegetation plots equally divided in grasslands and forests, distributed across the different classes of land use occurring in the general study area based on the period since the last change in land use. Standardized metrics of Faith's phylogenetic diversity, mean phylogenetic distance, and mean nearest taxon distance were used to investigate phylogenetic diversity patterns across communities and different land-use regimes. A Principal Coordinates of Phylogenetic Structure analysis was employed to evaluate the variation in lineage composition among communities, and boosted regression trees were used to identify the relative influence of community differentiation (as captured by the classification of sampling plots in ecologically and floristically distinct vegetation communities), plant life strategies (competition, stress tolerance, and disturbance), and climatic, topographic, and soil variables on phylogenetic diversity metrics. Community differentiation was identified as the main driver of phylogenetic patterns. Additionally, phylogenetic diversity and structure were observed as having a statistically significantly negative correlation with disturbance, a statistically significantly positive correlation with stress tolerance, and a weaker positive correlation with competition. Phylogenetic clustering was observed for the early successional grassland communities submitted to stronger effects of disturbance, while phylogenetic randomness (or rarely overdispersion) was observed in forest communities submitted to stronger effects of competition. Finally, phylogenetic clustering of grassland communities was more evident shortly after land abandonment.

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来源期刊
Ecosphere
Ecosphere ECOLOGY-
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
3.70%
发文量
378
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊介绍: The scope of Ecosphere is as broad as the science of ecology itself. The journal welcomes submissions from all sub-disciplines of ecological science, as well as interdisciplinary studies relating to ecology. The journal''s goal is to provide a rapid-publication, online-only, open-access alternative to ESA''s other journals, while maintaining the rigorous standards of peer review for which ESA publications are renowned.
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