Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation With Reduced Toxicity Conditioning for Pediatric B Lymphoid Malignancy.

Background: Conventional conditioning regimens for children with lymphoid malignancy undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) are myeloablative and involve high-dose total body irradiation (TBI). Such regimens are associated with significant late complications.

Observations: Here, we used a reduced-toxicity conditioning regimen comprising fludarabine, cytarabine, melphalan, and low-dose TBI (FLAMEL) to treat 5 patients with lymphoid malignancy before HCT. Four patients maintained complete remission (range, 18 to 63 mo), whereas the remaining patient who had positive minimal residual disease (MRD) before HCT relapsed.

Conclusions: FLAMEL might be a suitable conditioning regimen for children with lymphoid malignancy if pre-HCT MRD is negative.