蛋白质组剖析揭示了研究自由放养须鲸鲸脂活检组织中氧化应激和免疫反应生物标志物的机会。

IF 2.6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Conservation Physiology Pub Date : 2024-08-19 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1093/conphys/coae059
Joanna Kershaw, Christian Ramp, Richard Sears, Ailsa Hall, Davina Derous
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引用次数: 0

摘要

全球超过 25% 的鲸类物种被国际自然保护联盟列为极度濒危、濒危或易危物种。因此,客观和广泛适用的鲸类健康评估工具对于监测种群数量和为保护计划提供信息至关重要。新颖的鲸脂生理状态生物标志物就是可用于评估总体健康状况的此类工具的范例。从鲸脂中提取的蛋白质可能来自血液循环和组织本身的各种细胞类型,它们的表达对来自其他器官和神经系统的信号有反应。因此,鲸脂蛋白质可以捕捉到采样时个体所经历的生理压力信息。我们首次评估了将枪式蛋白质组学应用于从自由活动的须鲸身上采集的鲸脂活检样本的可行性。样本采集自加拿大圣劳伦斯湾的小须鲸(Balaenoptera acutorostrata)(n = 10)。采用基于 RIPA 细胞裂解和提取缓冲液的方案提取总蛋白。提取的蛋白质采用纳米流液相色谱电喷雾离子化串联质谱法进行分离和鉴定。我们将蛋白质映射到已知的生物通路,并根据蛋白质组图谱确定它们是否被显著富集。我们绘制了通路富集图,以直观显示组织级生物过程的重叠。富集程度最高的生物通路包括与免疫系统功能有关的通路:炎症反应、白细胞介导的免疫和体液免疫反应。与氧化应激反应相关的途径也得到了丰富。通过远程活检取样,使用一整套此类蛋白质生物标记物有可能更好地评估活体的整体健康和生理状态。这些信息对预测种群轨迹的种群健康评估至关重要,并能最终指导和监测保护的优先事项和措施。
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Proteome profiling reveals opportunities to investigate biomarkers of oxidative stress and immune responses in blubber biopsies from free-ranging baleen whales.

Over 25% of cetacean species worldwide are listed as critically endangered, endangered or vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Objective and widely applicable tools to assess cetacean health are therefore vital for population monitoring and to inform conservation initiatives. Novel blubber biomarkers of physiological state are examples of such tools that could be used to assess overall health. Proteins extracted from blubber likely originate from both the circulation and various cell types within the tissue itself, and their expression is responsive to signals originating from other organs and the nervous system. Blubber proteins can therefore capture information on physiological stressors experienced by individuals at the time of sampling. For the first time, we assess the feasibility of applying shotgun proteomics to blubber biopsy samples collected from free-ranging baleen whales. Samples were collected from minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) (n = 10) in the Gulf of St Lawrence, Canada. Total protein was extracted using a RIPA cell lysis and extraction buffer-based protocol. Extracted proteins were separated and identified using nanoflow Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization in tandem with Mass Spectrometry. We mapped proteins to known biological pathways and determined whether they were significantly enriched based on the proteome profile. A pathway enrichment map was created to visualize overlap in tissue-level biological processes. Amongst the most significantly enriched biological pathways were those involved in immune system function: inflammatory responses, leukocyte-mediated immunity and the humoral immune response. Pathways associated with responses to oxidative stress were also enriched. Using a suite of such protein biomarkers has the potential to better assess the overall health and physiological state of live individuals through remote biopsy sampling. This information is vital for population health assessments to predict population trajectories, and ultimately guide and monitor conservation priorities and initiatives.

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来源期刊
Conservation Physiology
Conservation Physiology Environmental Science-Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
3.70%
发文量
71
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Conservation Physiology is an online only, fully open access journal published on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology. Biodiversity across the globe faces a growing number of threats associated with human activities. Conservation Physiology will publish research on all taxa (microbes, plants and animals) focused on understanding and predicting how organisms, populations, ecosystems and natural resources respond to environmental change and stressors. Physiology is considered in the broadest possible terms to include functional and mechanistic responses at all scales. We also welcome research towards developing and refining strategies to rebuild populations, restore ecosystems, inform conservation policy, and manage living resources. We define conservation physiology broadly and encourage potential authors to contact the editorial team if they have any questions regarding the remit of the journal.
期刊最新文献
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