在对老年人进行每周一次或两次的偏心阻力训练后,脱离训练对神经肌肉功能和结构适应性的影响。

IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Aging Clinical and Experimental Research Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI:10.1007/s40520-024-02828-1
Brett A. Baxter, Anthony W. Baross, Declan J. Ryan, Anthony D. Kay
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:与其他训练方式相比,偏心阻力训练能更有效地保持训练诱导的肌肉适应性,但不同训练量的非训练曲线仍不清楚。目的:研究老年人在每周一次或两次偏心特异性阻力训练后的非训练效果:21名老年人(年龄=70.5±6.0岁)在完成为期12周的偏心训练后完成了为期12周的非训练期,并在训练停止后的6周(训练中期)和12周(训练后)对神经肌肉功能和肌肉结构进行了评估:结果:从训练后到训练后,训练引起的力量(0%)、力量(偏心=0%,等长=39%)或爆发力的改善(报告的折叠组数据)在许多时间段(0-32%)都没有出现明显的倒退,其值仍明显高于训练前。然而,肌肉厚度(91%)和筋膜角度(100%)的改善出现了明显的倒退,导致其数值与训练前相比没有明显增加:讨论:经过 12 周的非训练期后,神经肌肉功能出现了有限的退步,这对支持经常面临非活动期的老年人的偏心运动处方具有重要意义。然而,还需要进一步的工作来制定有效的维持剂量策略,以保持肌肉结构的改善:结论:偏心阻力训练可改善老年人的神经肌肉功能,这种改善在偏心训练停止后至少可持续 12 周。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Effects of detraining on neuromuscular function and structural adaptations following once- or twice-weekly eccentric resistance training in older adults

Background

Eccentric resistance training elicits greater preservation of training-induced muscular adaptations compared with other training modalities, however the detraining profiles of different training dosages remain unknown.

Aims

To examine the detraining effects following once- or twice-weekly eccentric-specific resistance training in older adults.

Methods

Twenty-one older adults (age = 70.5 ± 6.0 year) completed a 12-week detraining period following the 12-week eccentric training programmes with neuromuscular function and muscle structure assessed six (mid-detraining) and 12 (post-detraining) weeks following training cessation.

Results

From post-training to post-detraining, no significant regression of the training-induced improvements (collapsed group data reported) occurred in power (0%), strength (eccentric = 0%, isometric = 39%), or explosive strength over numerous epochs (0–32%), resulting in values that remained significantly greater than at pre-training. However, significant regression in the improvements in muscle thickness (91%) and fascicle angle (100%) occurred, resulting in values that were not significantly greater than pre-training.

Discussion

The limited regression in neuromuscular function following a 12-week detraining period has important implications for supporting eccentric exercise prescription in older adults who often face periods of inactivity. However, further work is required to develop an effective maintenance dosage strategy that preserves improvements in muscle structure.

Conclusions

Eccentric resistance training elicits improvements in the neuromuscular function of older adults, which are sustained for at least 12 weeks after eccentric training cessation.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
5.00%
发文量
283
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Aging clinical and experimental research offers a multidisciplinary forum on the progressing field of gerontology and geriatrics. The areas covered by the journal include: biogerontology, neurosciences, epidemiology, clinical gerontology and geriatric assessment, social, economical and behavioral gerontology. “Aging clinical and experimental research” appears bimonthly and publishes review articles, original papers and case reports.
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