{"title":"[施肥 40 年对黑土中土壤酶化学计量特征的影响]。","authors":"Hui-Yu Deng, Xing-Zhu Ma, Zi-Kai Liu, Yan-Ji Liu, Xiao-Yu Hao, Yue Zhao, Ji-Zheng He, Ju-Pei Shen","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202309170","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microorganisms produce extracellular enzymes to meet elemental requirements and cope with stoichiometric imbalances of resources. To gain insights into the cycling of C, N, and P, the activities of the C∶N∶P acquisition enzymes have been extensively investigated. To detect the effects of long-term fertilization practices on soil nutrient balance and characteristics of soil enzymatic stoichiometry in black soil, four different fertilization treatments were selected: no fertilization (CK), nitrogen fertilizer (N), phosphorus fertilizer (P), and combination of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers (NP). Soil samples were collected in both April 2021 and April 2022 to determine soil enzyme activities and their stoichiometric characteristics. The results showed that soil acid phosphatase and <i>β</i>-D-glucosidase activities were significantly higher in the N and NP treatments than in CK by 68%-158% and 26%-222%, respectively. Soil <i>β</i>-N-acetylaminoglucosidase activities were significantly higher in the P and NP treatments, with the highest around 75.48 nmol·(g·h)<sup>-1</sup> and 106.81 nmol·(g·h)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Two-way ANOVA analysis showed that N and P inputs had a great impact on soil enzyme activities. Redundancy analysis showed that the main factors controlling enzyme activities were soil pH, microbial biomass phosphorus, and soil available P content. It was found that N inputs significantly increased enzyme vector length, which was ranged from 1.32 to 1.52, and the enzyme vector angles were all larger than 45°, suggesting C and P co-limited in the black soils. These findings suggest that 40 years of fertilization have had a great impact on soil enzymes and the related resource use strategy, which provides great implications for assessing soil nutrients balance and soil sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"[Effects of 40 Years of Fertilizer Application on the Characteristics of Soil Enzymatic Stoichiometry in Black Soil].\",\"authors\":\"Hui-Yu Deng, Xing-Zhu Ma, Zi-Kai Liu, Yan-Ji Liu, Xiao-Yu Hao, Yue Zhao, Ji-Zheng He, Ju-Pei Shen\",\"doi\":\"10.13227/j.hjkx.202309170\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Microorganisms produce extracellular enzymes to meet elemental requirements and cope with stoichiometric imbalances of resources. To gain insights into the cycling of C, N, and P, the activities of the C∶N∶P acquisition enzymes have been extensively investigated. To detect the effects of long-term fertilization practices on soil nutrient balance and characteristics of soil enzymatic stoichiometry in black soil, four different fertilization treatments were selected: no fertilization (CK), nitrogen fertilizer (N), phosphorus fertilizer (P), and combination of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers (NP). Soil samples were collected in both April 2021 and April 2022 to determine soil enzyme activities and their stoichiometric characteristics. The results showed that soil acid phosphatase and <i>β</i>-D-glucosidase activities were significantly higher in the N and NP treatments than in CK by 68%-158% and 26%-222%, respectively. Soil <i>β</i>-N-acetylaminoglucosidase activities were significantly higher in the P and NP treatments, with the highest around 75.48 nmol·(g·h)<sup>-1</sup> and 106.81 nmol·(g·h)<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Two-way ANOVA analysis showed that N and P inputs had a great impact on soil enzyme activities. Redundancy analysis showed that the main factors controlling enzyme activities were soil pH, microbial biomass phosphorus, and soil available P content. It was found that N inputs significantly increased enzyme vector length, which was ranged from 1.32 to 1.52, and the enzyme vector angles were all larger than 45°, suggesting C and P co-limited in the black soils. These findings suggest that 40 years of fertilization have had a great impact on soil enzymes and the related resource use strategy, which provides great implications for assessing soil nutrients balance and soil sustainability.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":35937,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-08\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1087\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202309170\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"Environmental Science\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","FirstCategoryId":"1087","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202309170","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"Environmental Science","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
微生物产生胞外酶来满足元素需求和应对资源的化学计量失衡。为了深入了解 C、N 和 P 的循环,人们对 C∶N∶P 获取酶的活性进行了广泛研究。为了检测长期施肥对黑土养分平衡和土壤酶化学计量学特征的影响、选择了四种不同的施肥处理:不施肥(CK)、施氮肥(N)、施磷肥(P)和氮磷复合肥(NP)。在 2021 年 4 月和 2022 年 4 月采集了土壤样本,以测定土壤酶活性及其化学计量学特征。结果表明,N和NP处理的土壤酸性磷酸酶和β-D-葡萄糖苷酶活性明显高于CK处理,分别高68%-158%和26%-222%。土壤中的β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶活性在 P 和 NP 处理中明显较高,最高的分别为 75.48 nmol-(g-h)-1 和 106.81 nmol-(g-h)-1。双向方差分析表明,氮和磷的投入对土壤酶活性有很大影响。冗余分析表明,控制酶活性的主要因素是土壤 pH 值、微生物生物量磷和土壤可利用磷含量。研究发现,氮的输入明显增加了酶矢量长度,其范围在 1.32 至 1.52 之间,酶矢量角均大于 45°,表明黑土中 C 和 P 共同受限。这些发现表明,40 年的施肥对土壤酶及相关资源利用策略产生了巨大影响,对评估土壤养分平衡和土壤可持续性具有重要意义。
[Effects of 40 Years of Fertilizer Application on the Characteristics of Soil Enzymatic Stoichiometry in Black Soil].
Microorganisms produce extracellular enzymes to meet elemental requirements and cope with stoichiometric imbalances of resources. To gain insights into the cycling of C, N, and P, the activities of the C∶N∶P acquisition enzymes have been extensively investigated. To detect the effects of long-term fertilization practices on soil nutrient balance and characteristics of soil enzymatic stoichiometry in black soil, four different fertilization treatments were selected: no fertilization (CK), nitrogen fertilizer (N), phosphorus fertilizer (P), and combination of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers (NP). Soil samples were collected in both April 2021 and April 2022 to determine soil enzyme activities and their stoichiometric characteristics. The results showed that soil acid phosphatase and β-D-glucosidase activities were significantly higher in the N and NP treatments than in CK by 68%-158% and 26%-222%, respectively. Soil β-N-acetylaminoglucosidase activities were significantly higher in the P and NP treatments, with the highest around 75.48 nmol·(g·h)-1 and 106.81 nmol·(g·h)-1, respectively. Two-way ANOVA analysis showed that N and P inputs had a great impact on soil enzyme activities. Redundancy analysis showed that the main factors controlling enzyme activities were soil pH, microbial biomass phosphorus, and soil available P content. It was found that N inputs significantly increased enzyme vector length, which was ranged from 1.32 to 1.52, and the enzyme vector angles were all larger than 45°, suggesting C and P co-limited in the black soils. These findings suggest that 40 years of fertilization have had a great impact on soil enzymes and the related resource use strategy, which provides great implications for assessing soil nutrients balance and soil sustainability.