The benefit of sentinel lymph node biopsy in elderly patients with melanoma

Background

Sentinel lymph node status is critical for melanoma staging and treatment. However, the factors influencing SLNB and its oncologic benefits in elderly patients are unclear.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients aged ≥65 with clinically node-negative melanoma and Breslow depth ≥1 ​mm, using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Medicare database (2010–2018). Multivariable logistic regression assessed SLNB likelihood by demographic and clinical factors, and Cox-proportional hazard models evaluated overall and melanoma-specific mortality (MSM) for SLNB recipients versus non-recipients.

Results

Of 13,160 melanoma patients, 62.29 ​% underwent SLNB. SLNB was linked to reduced all-cause mortality (HR: 0.65 [95%CI 0.61–0.70]) and MSM (HR: 0.76 [95%CI 0.67–0.85]). Older age, non-White race, male sex, and unmarried status was associated with decreased SLNB likelihood, while cardiopulmonary, neurologic, and secondary cancer comorbidities were associated with increased SLNB likelihood.

Conclusions

Though less frequently performed, SLNB is associated with lower mortality in elderly melanoma patients. Advanced age alone should not contraindicate SLNB.