利用地理效应测量修正法研究纽约市与社会经济相关的地表温度差异。

IF 4.1 3区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI:10.1038/s41370-024-00714-6
Nadav L Sprague, Stephen P Uong, Nora C Kelsall, Ahuva L Jacobowitz, James W Quinn, Katherine M Keyes, Andrew G Rundle
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:与社会经济地位较高的社区相比,社会经济地位较低的社区更有可能位于城市热岛中,热暴露程度也更高,而这种不平等现象预计将因气候变化而加剧:采用新颖的分析方法,研究纽约市地表温度与 SES 之间的关系。通过纳入可改变的特征,本研究旨在确定可实施减缓干预措施的潜在地点,以减少与社会经济地位相关的热量差异:本研究利用 2013-2017 年美国社区调查、美国陆地卫星 8 号分析就绪数据地表温度(2016 年 8 月 12 日测量)和纽约市人口普查区级土地覆盖数据集(2098 个区),研究了纽约市人口普查区级 SES 的两个组成部分(生活在贫困线以下的人口比例和没有高中学历的人口比例)与夏日地表温度之间的关联。首先,我们通过非限制性的纽约市线性回归来考察这种关联,考察全市范围内这两个 SES 方面与夏季地表温度之间的关联,并通过附加模型对海拔、海岸线和自然覆盖进行调整。然后,我们在三个补充回归模型策略(区限制线性回归和社区区限制线性回归,以及地理加权回归(GWR))中使用相同的模型来评估地理效应测量的修正,以检查城市内部较小区域内的关联:结果:所有回归策略都确定了邻里社会经济地位较低与夏日地表温度较高相关的地区。无限制的纽约市回归显示了广泛的差异,而限制区和限制社区区的回归则确定了存在这些差异的特定政治边界。针对空间自相关性的 GWR 确定了布朗克斯西北部、布鲁克林中部和曼哈顿上城等地区的显著社会经济热量差异。这些发现突出表明,有必要制定有针对性的政策和社区干预措施,包括公平的城市规划和降温策略,以减轻脆弱社区的高温暴露:本研究通过调查影响纽约市人口普查区当地气温的可调节(自然覆盖)和不可调节(海拔高度和海岸线)建筑环境因素,重新定义了以往关于城市社会经济热暴露差异的研究。通过一种新颖的分析方法,该研究旨在突出干预机会,以减轻与社会经济地位相关的高温差异。通过研究地表温度与社会经济地位之间的关联,以及调查不同的地理和政府规模,本研究为政策制定者和社区成员提供了可行的见解,以有效解决不同行政区域的热暴露不平等问题。目的是在不同的地理和政治层面上确定减少社会经济热暴露差异的潜在地点。
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Using geographic effect measure modification to examine socioeconomic-related surface temperature disparities in New York City.

Background: Lower socioeconomic (SES) communities are more likely to be situated in urban heat islands and have higher heat exposures than their higher SES counterparts, and this inequality is expected to intensify due to climate change.

Objectives: To examine the relationship between surface temperatures and SES in New York City (NYC) by employing a novel analytical approach. Through incorporating modifiable features, this study aims to identify potential locations where mitigation interventions can be implemented to reduce heat disparities associated with SES.

Methods: Using the 2013-2017 American Community Survey, U.S Landsat-8 Analysis Ready Data surface temperatures (measured on 8/12/2016), and the NYC Land Cover Dataset at the census tract level (2098 tracts), this study examines the association between two components of tract-level SES (percentage of individuals living below the poverty line and the percentage of individuals without a high school degree) and summer day surface temperature in NYC. First, we examine this association with an unrestricted NYC linear regression, examining the city-wide association between the two SES facets and summer surface temperature, with additional models adjusting for altitude, shoreline, and nature-cover. Then, we assess geographic effect measure modification by employing the same models to three supplemental regression model strategies (borough-restricted and community district-restricted linear regressions, and geographically weighted regression (GWR)) that examined associations within smaller intra-city areas.

Results: All regression strategies identified areas where lower neighborhood SES composition is associated with higher summer day surface temperatures. The unrestricted NYC regressions revealed widespread disparities, while the borough-restricted and community district-restricted regressions identified specific political boundaries within which these disparities existed. The GWR, addressing spatial autocorrelation, identified significant socioeconomic heat disparities in locations such as northwest Bronx, central Brooklyn, and uptown Manhattan. These findings underscore the need for targeted policies and community interventions, including equitable urban planning and cooling strategies, to mitigate heat exposure in vulnerable neighborhoods.

Impact statement: This study redefines previous research on urban socioeconomic disparities in heat exposure by investigating both modifiable (nature cover) and non-modifiable (altitude and shoreline) built environment factors affecting local temperatures at the census tract level in New York City. Through a novel analytical approach, the research aims to highlight intervention opportunities to mitigate heat disparities related to socioeconomic status. By examining the association between surface temperatures and socioeconomic status, as well as investigating different geographic and governmental scales, this study offers actionable insights for policymakers and community members to address heat exposure inequalities effectively across different administrative boundaries. The objective is to pinpoint potential sites for reducing socioeconomic heat exposure disparities at various geographic and political levels.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.90
自引率
6.70%
发文量
93
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (JESEE) aims to be the premier and authoritative source of information on advances in exposure science for professionals in a wide range of environmental and public health disciplines. JESEE publishes original peer-reviewed research presenting significant advances in exposure science and exposure analysis, including development and application of the latest technologies for measuring exposures, and innovative computational approaches for translating novel data streams to characterize and predict exposures. The types of papers published in the research section of JESEE are original research articles, translation studies, and correspondence. Reported results should further understanding of the relationship between environmental exposure and human health, describe evaluated novel exposure science tools, or demonstrate potential of exposure science to enable decisions and actions that promote and protect human health.
期刊最新文献
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