分心抑制与问题饮酒行为的关系

IF 3.7 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Addictive behaviors Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI:10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108131
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景认知控制受损与强迫性药物摄入的自我调节过程减弱有关。以往的研究证明,药物滥用群体在执行 Stroop 和 Go/No-Go 任务时,任务表现会受到影响。视觉搜索中的分心抑制机制也可能涉及重叠的调节成分,这些成分通过解决分心物与搜索目标之间的注意竞争来支持目标定向行为。方法根据自我报告的药物使用情况,将84名参与者分配到重度饮酒组(ALC,n = 42)或对照组(CTL,n = 42)。参与者完成酒精使用障碍识别测试(AUDIT)和巴拉特冲动量表(BIS)。之后,受试者完成了电脑版的 Stroop 任务、Go/No-go 任务和测量学习型分心抑制的视觉搜索任务。然而,与对照组相比,ALC 组的学习分心抑制明显减弱。结论我们的研究结果支持认知控制和注意控制的机制过程存在差异,并证明相对于对照组,重度饮酒者的学习型分心抑制能力受损。分心抑制受损为药物线索难以被忽视的原因提供了新的见解。
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Relating distractor suppression to problematic drinking behavior

Background

Impaired cognitive control has been linked to weakened self-regulatory processes underlying compulsive substance intake. Previous research has provided evidence for impaired task performance in substance-abusing groups during Stroop and Go/No-Go tasks. Mechanisms of distractor suppression in visual search might also involve overlapping regulatory components that support goal-directed behavior by resolving the attentional competition between distractors and the target of search. However, the efficiency of learning-dependent distractor suppression has not been examined in the context of drug abuse and a direct comparison between cognitive control and distractor suppression is lacking.

Method

A total of 84 participants were assigned either to the heavy drinking group (ALC, n = 42) or the control group (CTL, n = 42) based on self-reported substance use. Participants completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS). After that, participants completed a computerized version of the Stroop task, Go/No-go task, and a visual search task measuring learning-dependent distractor suppression.

Results

The Stroop effect and the frequency of no-go errors did not differ between groups. However, learned distractor suppression was significantly blunted in the ALC group compared to the control group. Across participants, performance on the Stroop and Go/No-go task were correlated, while the magnitude of distractor suppression was related to neither.

Conclusions

Our findings support a divergence of mechanistic processes underlying cognitive control and attentional control, and demonstrate impaired learning-dependent distractor suppression in heavy drinkers relative to a control group. Impaired distractor suppression offers new insight into why drug cues can be difficult to ignore.

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来源期刊
Addictive behaviors
Addictive behaviors 医学-药物滥用
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
4.50%
发文量
283
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: Addictive Behaviors is an international peer-reviewed journal publishing high quality human research on addictive behaviors and disorders since 1975. The journal accepts submissions of full-length papers and short communications on substance-related addictions such as the abuse of alcohol, drugs and nicotine, and behavioral addictions involving gambling and technology. We primarily publish behavioral and psychosocial research but our articles span the fields of psychology, sociology, psychiatry, epidemiology, social policy, medicine, pharmacology and neuroscience. While theoretical orientations are diverse, the emphasis of the journal is primarily empirical. That is, sound experimental design combined with valid, reliable assessment and evaluation procedures are a requisite for acceptance. However, innovative and empirically oriented case studies that might encourage new lines of inquiry are accepted as well. Studies that clearly contribute to current knowledge of etiology, prevention, social policy or treatment are given priority. Scholarly commentaries on topical issues, systematic reviews, and mini reviews are encouraged. We especially welcome multimedia papers that incorporate video or audio components to better display methodology or findings. Studies can also be submitted to Addictive Behaviors? companion title, the open access journal Addictive Behaviors Reports, which has a particular interest in ''non-traditional'', innovative and empirically-oriented research such as negative/null data papers, replication studies, case reports on novel treatments, and cross-cultural research.
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