Multi-objective optimization for economic load distribution and emission reduction with wind energy integration

In today’s power systems operation, the dual challenge of optimizing economic load distribution while minimizing power plant emissions is pivotal. This challenge is accentuated by the pressing environmental concerns and the finite nature of fossil fuel reserves. In this context, renewable energy sources, notably wind power, have emerged as indispensable alternatives due to their cost-effectiveness and environmental compatibility. However, the inherent variability of wind velocity introduces uncertainty into power output, necessitating innovative approaches to address this complexity. To tackle this issue, we propose a scenario-based probabilistic approach that dynamically considers the slope rate of power output. By leveraging the Blue Whale multi-objective algorithm and employing the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) criterion, we identify significant solutions from the Pareto set across a spectrum of scenarios. Our method is rigorously evaluated across various systems and operational contexts, revealing its superiority over alternative algorithms. Specifically, our approach achieves lower objective function values, reduced standard deviation, and superior overall performance. These findings underscore the critical importance of efficient power system management in balancing environmental sustainability and economic viability. By embracing innovative methodologies, we can navigate the evolving energy landscape and contribute towards a more sustainable future.