Laparoscopic Surgery for Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome.

Background: Superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) is a rare condition, for which laparoscopic surgery was successfully performed safely and with long-term efficacy.

Methods: This single center retrospective clinical study comprised 66 patients with SMAS, surgically treated between January 2010 and January 2020, who were allocated to three different surgical groups according to their medical history and symptoms (Laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy, n = 35; Gastrojejunostomy, n = 16; Duodenojejunostomy plus gastrojejunostomy, n = 15). Patient demographics, surgical data and postoperative outcomes were retrieved from the medical records.

Results: All operations were successfully completed laparoscopically, and with a median follow-up of 65 months, the overall symptom score was significantly reduced from 32 to 8 (p < 0.0001) and the BMI was increased from 17.2 kg/m² to 21.8 kg/m² (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions: When conservative measures failed in the treatment of SMAS, laparoscopic surgery proved to be a safe and effective method. The specific surgical technique was selected according to the history and symptoms of each individual patient. To our knowledge, this study represents the largest number of laparoscopic procedures at a single center for the treatment of superior mesenteric artery syndrome.