Alican Özkan, Nina Teresa LoGrande, Jessica F. Feitor, Girija Goyal, Donald E. Ingber
{"title":"用于疾病建模和个性化医疗的肠道器官芯片。","authors":"Alican Özkan, Nina Teresa LoGrande, Jessica F. Feitor, Girija Goyal, Donald E. Ingber","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-00968-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Alterations in intestinal structure, mechanics and physiology underlie acute and chronic intestinal conditions, many of which are influenced by dysregulation of microbiome, peristalsis, stroma or immune responses. Studying human intestinal physiology or pathophysiology is difficult in preclinical animal models because their microbiomes and immune systems differ from those of humans. Although advances in organoid culture partially overcome this challenge, intestinal organoids still lack crucial features that are necessary to study functions central to intestinal health and disease, such as digestion or fluid flow, as well as contributions from long-term effects of living microbiome, peristalsis and immune cells. Here, we review developments in organ-on-a-chip (organ chip) microfluidic culture models of the human intestine that are lined by epithelial cells and interfaced with other tissues (such as stroma or endothelium), which can experience both fluid flow and peristalsis-like motions. Organ chips offer powerful ways to model intestinal physiology and disease states for various human populations and individual patients, and can be used to gain new insight into underlying molecular and biophysical mechanisms of disease. They can also be used as preclinical tools to discover new drugs and then validate their therapeutic efficacy and safety in the same human-relevant model. Studying human physiology and pathophysiology in preclinical animal models has drawbacks. Developments in organ-on-a-chip (organ chip) technology have opened up new ways to model human intestinal physiology. This Review discusses intestinal organ chips as disease models and preclinical tools and their potential for personalized medicine.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":45.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41575-024-00968-3.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Intestinal organ chips for disease modelling and personalized medicine\",\"authors\":\"Alican Özkan, Nina Teresa LoGrande, Jessica F. Feitor, Girija Goyal, Donald E. Ingber\",\"doi\":\"10.1038/s41575-024-00968-3\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Alterations in intestinal structure, mechanics and physiology underlie acute and chronic intestinal conditions, many of which are influenced by dysregulation of microbiome, peristalsis, stroma or immune responses. Studying human intestinal physiology or pathophysiology is difficult in preclinical animal models because their microbiomes and immune systems differ from those of humans. Although advances in organoid culture partially overcome this challenge, intestinal organoids still lack crucial features that are necessary to study functions central to intestinal health and disease, such as digestion or fluid flow, as well as contributions from long-term effects of living microbiome, peristalsis and immune cells. Here, we review developments in organ-on-a-chip (organ chip) microfluidic culture models of the human intestine that are lined by epithelial cells and interfaced with other tissues (such as stroma or endothelium), which can experience both fluid flow and peristalsis-like motions. Organ chips offer powerful ways to model intestinal physiology and disease states for various human populations and individual patients, and can be used to gain new insight into underlying molecular and biophysical mechanisms of disease. They can also be used as preclinical tools to discover new drugs and then validate their therapeutic efficacy and safety in the same human-relevant model. Studying human physiology and pathophysiology in preclinical animal models has drawbacks. Developments in organ-on-a-chip (organ chip) technology have opened up new ways to model human intestinal physiology. 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Intestinal organ chips for disease modelling and personalized medicine
Alterations in intestinal structure, mechanics and physiology underlie acute and chronic intestinal conditions, many of which are influenced by dysregulation of microbiome, peristalsis, stroma or immune responses. Studying human intestinal physiology or pathophysiology is difficult in preclinical animal models because their microbiomes and immune systems differ from those of humans. Although advances in organoid culture partially overcome this challenge, intestinal organoids still lack crucial features that are necessary to study functions central to intestinal health and disease, such as digestion or fluid flow, as well as contributions from long-term effects of living microbiome, peristalsis and immune cells. Here, we review developments in organ-on-a-chip (organ chip) microfluidic culture models of the human intestine that are lined by epithelial cells and interfaced with other tissues (such as stroma or endothelium), which can experience both fluid flow and peristalsis-like motions. Organ chips offer powerful ways to model intestinal physiology and disease states for various human populations and individual patients, and can be used to gain new insight into underlying molecular and biophysical mechanisms of disease. They can also be used as preclinical tools to discover new drugs and then validate their therapeutic efficacy and safety in the same human-relevant model. Studying human physiology and pathophysiology in preclinical animal models has drawbacks. Developments in organ-on-a-chip (organ chip) technology have opened up new ways to model human intestinal physiology. This Review discusses intestinal organ chips as disease models and preclinical tools and their potential for personalized medicine.
期刊介绍:
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology aims to serve as the leading resource for Reviews and commentaries within the scientific and medical communities it caters to. The journal strives to maintain authority, accessibility, and clarity in its published articles, which are complemented by easily understandable figures, tables, and other display items. Dedicated to providing exceptional service to authors, referees, and readers, the editorial team works diligently to maximize the usefulness and impact of each publication.
The journal encompasses a wide range of content types, including Research Highlights, News & Views, Comments, Reviews, Perspectives, and Consensus Statements, all pertinent to gastroenterologists and hepatologists. With its broad scope, Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology ensures that its articles reach a diverse audience, aiming for the widest possible dissemination of valuable information.
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology is part of the Nature Reviews portfolio of journals.