南非多汁的卡鲁地区 heuweltjie 补丁的隔离、大小和质量对节肢动物的重要性

IF 2.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Ecosphere Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI:10.1002/ecs2.70005
Liaam Davids, James S. Pryke, Colleen L. Seymour
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引用次数: 0

摘要

地球旱地的一个特点是植被的斑驳性,通常被称为两相镶嵌景观,由包含独特植被斑块的同质基质组成。后者被认为对生态系统功能至关重要,因为它们为生物群提供庇护,使其免受不适宜条件的影响。地面生活节肢动物和叶面节肢动物对旱地生物多样性模式和过程做出了贡献,但人们对这些系统中不同斑块和基质间节肢动物的丰富度、丰度和组成如何变化知之甚少。在南非整个多汁卡鲁地区,这种斑块(被称为heuweltjies的土丘)是花卉和动物多样性的热点。我们研究了在严重干旱期间,表皮节肢动物和叶栖节肢动物的物种丰富度、丰度和群落组成如何对heuweltjie斑块特征做出反应,特别是隔离度(与最近邻居的距离、与最近邻居的平均距离、斑块密度)、大小(面积)和质量(平均植株高度、枯死植株覆盖率、落叶覆盖率、白蚁碎屑)。斑块的隔离度和质量与节肢动物的丰富度、丰度和群落组成密切相关。更具体地说,取样土墩与其他相邻土墩的平均距离、白蚁碎屑和植被结构(高度、落叶层和枯死植物覆盖率)是决定蜉蝣类和叶栖节肢动物物种丰富度、丰度和群落组成的关键因素。这些土丘作为景观特征的独特性增加了节肢动物的生态位和微生境的可用性。这强调了它们作为地貌异质性促进因素的重要性,并突出了土墩是多汁卡鲁节肢动物群落空间分布的关键。
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The importance of heuweltjie patch isolation, size, and quality for arthropods in the Succulent Karoo, South Africa

A characteristic feature of Earth's drylands is the patchy nature of the vegetation, often referred to as a two-phase mosaic landscape, comprised of a homogenous matrix containing distinctive vegetated patches. The latter are considered vital for ecosystem functioning as they provide refuge to biota from unsuitable conditions. Ground-living (epigeic) and foliage arthropods contribute to dryland biodiversity patterns and processes, but little is known of how their richness, abundance, and composition varies between patches and the matrix in these systems. Throughout the Succulent Karoo, South Africa, such patches (earthen mounds referred to as heuweltjies) are hotspots for both floral and faunal diversity. We investigate how epigeic and foliage-dwelling arthropod species richness, abundance, and community composition respond to heuweltjie patch characteristics, particularly isolation (distance to nearest neighbor, average distance to nearest neighbor, patch density), size (area), and quality (average plant height, dead plant cover, leaf litter cover, termite frass) during a severe drought. Patch isolation and quality were significantly correlated with arthropod richness, abundance, and community composition. More specifically, average proximity of sampled heuweltjies to other neighboring heuweltjies, termite frass, and vegetation structure (height, leaf litter and dead plant cover) were key determinants for epigeic and foliage-dwelling arthropods' species richness, abundance, and community composition. The uniqueness of these mounds as landscape features increases niche and microhabitat availability for arthropods. This emphasizes their importance as promoters of landscape heterogeneity and highlight heuweltjies as key to the spatial distribution of arthropod assemblages in the Succulent Karoo.

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来源期刊
Ecosphere
Ecosphere ECOLOGY-
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
3.70%
发文量
378
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊介绍: The scope of Ecosphere is as broad as the science of ecology itself. The journal welcomes submissions from all sub-disciplines of ecological science, as well as interdisciplinary studies relating to ecology. The journal''s goal is to provide a rapid-publication, online-only, open-access alternative to ESA''s other journals, while maintaining the rigorous standards of peer review for which ESA publications are renowned.
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