利用 IDW 和 PMF 受体模型对南亚地区室内空气中的颗粒物结合-PAHs 进行分布评估和来源分配:综合研究

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Atmospheric Environment: X Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI:10.1016/j.aeaoa.2024.100288
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引用次数: 0

摘要

多环芳烃已被公认为是对生物和环境的一大威胁。一些研究人员广泛声称 PAHs 及其衍生物具有致命的性质。然而,这些研究只考虑了环境空气,而环境空气由汽车尾气、工业废气等组成,是有害空气污染物的主要来源。室内空气质量(IAQ)是一个被忽视的领域,因为尽管近来许多研究人员一直在研究室内空气质量的化学成分,但污染物的来源确定和性质仍然是一个有待全面探索的领域。基于上述目标,本研究重点关注美国环保局指定的 16 种与颗粒物相关的多环芳烃。可吸入颗粒物和多环芳烃都是一些非常常见和危险的化学污染物,在全球造成了超过一百万人的死亡。多环芳烃是一种有机化合物,既可以附着在不同大小的可吸入颗粒物上,也可以以气态形式存在。目前的研究工作对南亚地区室内环境中与细颗粒 PM(即 PM2.5)相关的多环芳烃浓度进行了精确测定,并进一步利用受体模型技术确定了造成特定多环芳烃排放的室内来源。研究中评估的毒性当量商(TEQ)表明,在所有 PAHs 中,BaP 的毒性最高,其次是 InP、BKF 和 BbF。利用 PMF 模型还确定了多环芳烃浓度的季节性变化及其各自的来源,结果表明,冬季室外多环芳烃以三环为主,占 42%,而室内多环芳烃以四环为主。同样,夏季二环 PAHs 在室外占 35%,三环 PAHs 在室内占 26.8%。在季风季节,二环 PAHs 在室外的比例最高,为 45.2%,而二环 PAHs 在室内的比例为 38.3%。此外,为了深入研究多环芳烃在当地的分布情况和来源划分,还分别对 IDW 图谱和分子诊断比率进行了评估。据我们所知,这项研究是世界上首次在这一地区进行的同类研究,因为该地区大多数国家都是发展中国家或欠发达国家,因此受有害影响的风险更大,而这些影响往往被忽视。这项研究将为多环芳烃的室内来源提供一个清晰的画面,并进一步帮助专业人员相应地建立一个可靠和实用的缓解技术。
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Distribution assessment and source apportionment of particulate bound-PAHs in indoor air of south Asian precinct using IDW and PMF receptor model: A comprehensive study

PAHs have been recognised as a major menace to living-beings as well as environment. Several researchers have extensively claimed regarding death-defying nature of PAHs and its derivatives. However, these studies have only considered the ambient air which is a composition of automobile exhausts, industrial emissions etc. as major source of harmful air pollutants. Indoor air quality (IAQ) is an overlooked area since, although many researchers in recent times have been working on the chemistry and composition of IAQ, yet, source determination and nature of pollutants is still a comprehensive area to be explored. With the above stated objective, the present study emphases on 16 USEPA specified PAHs which are allied with particulate matter. Both PM as well as PAHs are some very common and treacherous chemical contaminant accountable for more than a million death globally. PAHs are organic compound which are either attached to PM of various sizes or can exist in gaseous form. Current work precises the concentration of PAHs associated with fine PM i.e., PM2.5 in indoor environment of south Asian precinct, further, using receptor modelling technique for determination indoor sources responsible for the emanation of specific PAHs. The toxicity equivalent quotient i.e., TEQ evaluated in the study demonstrations that the highest toxicity among all PAHs is exhibited by BaP followed by InP, BKF, BbF. Seasonal variations in the concentration of PAHs and their respective sources were also established using PMF models, which depicted the domination of 3-ring PAHs in winter with 42% contribution in outdoors, whereas, four-ring PAHs dominion in indoors. Similarly, in summer two-ring accounted for 35% in outdoors, and three-ring PAHs contributed highest with 26.8% in indoors. In monsoon PAHs with two-ring contributed highest with 45.2% in outdoors, whereas, 2-ring PAHs contributed 38.3% in indoors. Also, IDW mapping and molecular diagnostic ratio were assessed for an intense study on distribution of PAHs in the locality and the source apportionment purpose respectively. To the best of our knowledge, the study is first of its kind in this part of the world where, majority of the countries are either developing or under-developed and hence at greater risk to the noxious effects which are often overlooked. The study will provide a clear picture regarding the indoor sources of the PAHs and further help the further professionals to build a credible and pragmatic mitigation technique accordingly.

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来源期刊
Atmospheric Environment: X
Atmospheric Environment: X Environmental Science-Environmental Science (all)
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
47
审稿时长
12 weeks
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