Causal association between 731 immunocyte phenotypes and liver cirrhosis: A bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Liver cirrhosis is a progressive hepatic disease whose immunological basis has attracted increasing attention. However, it remains unclear whether a concrete causal association exists between immunocyte phenotypes and liver cirrhosis.

Aim: To explore the concrete causal relationships between immunocyte phenotypes and liver cirrhosis through a mendelian randomization (MR) study.

Methods: Data on 731 immunocyte phenotypes were obtained from genome-wide association studies. Liver cirrhosis data were derived from the Finn Gen dataset, which included 214403 individuals of European ancestry. We used inverse variable weighting as the primary analysis method to assess the causal relationship. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy.

Results: The MR analysis demonstrated that 11 immune cell phenotypes have a positive association with liver cirrhosis [P < 0.05, odds ratio (OR) > 1] and that 9 immunocyte phenotypes were negatively correlated with liver cirrhosis (P < 0.05, OR < 1). Liver cirrhosis was positively linked to 9 immune cell phenotypes (P < 0.05, OR > 1) and negatively linked to 10 immune cell phenotypes (P < 0.05; OR < 1). None of these associations showed heterogeneity or horizontally pleiotropy (P > 0.05).

Conclusion: This bidirectional two-sample MR study demonstrated a concrete causal association between immunocyte phenotypes and liver cirrhosis. These findings offer new directions for the treatment of liver cirrhosis.