Clinical significance of peripheral blood immune cells in patients with gastric cancer after surgery.

Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, and surgical resection is one of the main ways to treat gastric cancer. However, the immune status of postoperative patients is crucial for prognosis and survival, and immune cells play an important role in this process. Therefore, it is helpful to understand the immune status of postoperative patients by evaluating the levels of peripheral blood immune cells, especially total T cells (CD3+), helper T cells (CD3+CD4+), and suppressor T cells (CD3+CD8+), and its relationship to survival.

Aim: To analyzed the immune cells in peripheral blood of patients with gastric cancer after surgery, detect the levels of total T cells, helper T cells and suppressor T cells.

Methods: A total of 58 patients with gastric cancer who received surgical treatment were included in the retrospective study. Flow cytometry was used to detect the level of peripheral blood immune cells and analyze the correlation between total T cells, helper T cells and inhibitory T cells. To explore the relationship between these immune markers and patient survival.

Results: The results showed that the levels of total T cells, helper T cells, and suppressor T cells changed in patients after gastric cancer surgery. There was a significant positive correlation between total T cells, helper T cells and suppressor T cells (r = 0.35, P < 0.01; r = 0.56, P < 0.01). However, there was a negative correlation between helper T cells and suppressor T cells (r = -0.63, P < 0.01). Follow-up showed that the survival rate of patients in the high-level total T cell group was significantly higher than that in the low-level group (28.87 ± 24.98 months vs 18.42 ± 16.21 months). The survival curve shows that the curve of patients in the high-level group is shifted to the upper right, and that of the low-level group is shifted downward. There was no significant difference between the levels of helper T cells and suppressor T cells and patient survival time.

Conclusion: By detecting peripheral blood immune cells with flow cytometry, we can initially evaluate the immune status of patients after gastric cancer surgery and initially explore its relationship with patient survival.