Experimental and environmental analysis of an autonomous desalination system based on evapo-condensation heated by a Scheffler reflector in Marrakesh climate

Excessive consumption of water resources is a major problem almost everywhere through the world due to the global increasiness of population and the underlying high rates of urbanization and industrialization. In this context, Solar desalination is proposed as an effective solution not only to produce water but also to mitigate the emissions of CO2, which thereby contributes to the limitation of global warming. This study presents an experiment that explores the use of solar energy in desalination systems, consisting in a parabolic dish solar concentrating “SCHEFFLER REFLECTOR” for desalination-hot water system (PDSCHWS) conducted in the weather conditions of Marrakesh in Morocco also an environmental analysis conducts to calculate the emission of CO2 and the carbon credit gained. The performance of the desalination system was achieved in real thermal conditions from January to May 2022 on several days each month. The investigated results reported that the efficiency of the system is 28.75 %. It actually produced 9000 cm³/day of distilled water with an electrical conductivity of 3.4 μS/cm which presented a significant reduction from the initial level of 4 ∗ 10³ μS/cm. The environmental analysis concluded that the carbon credit gained from the system is 529.69($), and the net carbon dioxide mitigation is 37.83 tons of CO2 emission over the lifetime of the system.