Interaction in post-simulation debriefing

In this article we review studies of interaction in post-simulation debriefing. The focus is on research that takes an interest in the sequential unfolding of debriefing conversations, using recordings of naturally occurring interaction as data. While a growing number of studies have examined learning outcomes in debriefing using quantitative methodologies, relatively little is known about the details of debriefing interaction. We take our point of departure in prior meta-analyses of post-simulation debriefing, and discuss this research in relation to the burgeoning field of research that employs a video-ethnographic perspective, broadly informed by conversation analysis and ethnomethodology. We identify two prominent themes in the existing interaction analytic research: facilitator guidance, and the use of performance review media. In both these areas, we discuss how studies of interaction contribute to new conceptualizations of debriefing through a complementary perspective on simulation-based learning. We also identify a set of promising areas of future research into the interactional accomplishment of post-simulation debriefing: self-led debriefing; debriefing structure; the disciplinary shaping of debriefing interaction; and the sensitive nature of feedback.