分泌 GH 的垂体瘤中 AHR 通路的遗传和表观遗传调节及其对肢端肥大症临床表型的影响。

IF 2.5 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Minerva endocrinology Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI:10.23736/S2724-6507.24.04183-6
Aurelio Minuti, Giuseppe Giuffrida, Marta Ragonese, Ylenia Alessi, Francesco Ferraù, Salvatore Cannavò
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引用次数: 0

摘要

导言:一些数据表明,化学污染物可能是内分泌干扰物,在肿瘤发生过程中起着重要作用。有研究表明,接触污染会影响垂体细胞的功能和生物学特性,事实上,在污染严重的地区,肢端肥大症的发病率有所上升:芳基烃受体(AHR)是一种转录因子,在致癌和异种生物解毒过程中都有作用。它的失调可能在垂体瘤中起着关键作用,尤其是在分泌促生长激素的垂体瘤中。环境化学物质通过不同机制影响 ncRNA(miRNA、lncRNA 和 circRNA)的表达和功能。证据综述:然而,迄今为止,有关环境污染物在分泌 GH 的垂体瘤的临床表达和发病机制中的作用的数据很少:本文总结了各种配体触发的 AHR 信号通路,并强调了 AHR 基因激活的潜在生物学效应和毒理学效应之间的显著区别。我们还深化了 ncRNAs 的功能和渐冻症,并提供了 AHR 对其调控的最新数据。总之,要全面了解 AHR 信号通路和 ncRNAs 在分泌 GH 的垂体腺瘤中的动态相互作用,还需要更多的研究。
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Genetic and epigenetic modulation of AHR pathway in GH-secreting pituitary tumors and effects on acromegaly clinical phenotype.

Introduction: Several data demonstrated that chemical pollutants can be endocrine disruptors and they have an important role in tumorigenic processes. It has been shown that pollution exposure can affect pituitary cells' function and biology, indeed an increased prevalence of acromegaly has been reported in highly polluted areas.

Evidence acquisition: One transcription factor that has a role in both carcinogenesis and in xenobiotics' detoxification is the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Its deregulation could have a pivotal role in pituitary tumors, especially in GH-secreting pituitary tumors. Environmental chemicals affect the expression and function of ncRNAs (miRNA, lncRNA and circRNA) through different mechanisms.

Evidence synthesis: However, to date, few data on the role of the environmental pollutants in the clinical expression and pathogenesis of GH-secreting pituitary tumors are available.

Conclusions: This article presents a summary of the AHR signaling pathways that are triggered by various ligands and emphasizes the significant distinctions between the potential biological and toxicological effects of AHR gene activation. We also deepen the functions of ncRNAs and acromegaly and provide current data on their regulation by the AHR. Overall, more studies are still needed to fully understand the dynamic interplay between the AHR signaling pathway and ncRNAs in GH-secreting pituitary adenomas.

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