{"title":"胎儿生长受限对产前二维超声和胎儿肾上腺多普勒研究的影响。","authors":"Suphawan Pattamathamakul, Chatuporn Duangkum, Sukanya Chaiyarach, Kiattisak Kongwattanakul, Piyamas Saksiriwuttho, Ratana Komwilaisak, Sathida Chantanavilai, Manasicha Pongsamakthai, Prapassara Sirikarn","doi":"10.1155/2024/9968509","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Uteroplacental insufficiency in fetuses with growth restriction (FGR) leads to chronic hypoxia and stress, predominantly affecting the adrenal glands. However, the mechanisms of impact remain unclear. <b>Objectives:</b> This study is aimed at comparing the Doppler indices of the adrenal artery and the adrenal gland sizes between FGR and those with normal growth. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted from February to December 2023. We compared 34 FGR to 34 with normal growth in terms of inferior adrenal artery (IAA) Doppler indices and adrenal gland volumes. <b>Results:</b> The IAA peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the FGR group was 14.9 ± 2.9 cm/s compared to 13.5 ± 2.0 cm/s in the normal group, with a mean difference of 1.4 cm/s (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27-2.65; <i>p</i> value = 0.017). There were no significant differences between groups in terms of IAA pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), or systolic/diastolic (S/D), with <i>p</i> values of 0.438, 0.441, and 0.658, respectively. The volumes of the corrected whole adrenal gland and the corrected neocortex were significantly larger in the FGR group, with <i>p</i> values of 0.031 and 0.020, respectively. <b>Conclusion:</b> Both increased IAA PSV and enlarged volumes of the corrected whole adrenal gland and neocortex were found in fetuses with FGR, suggesting significant adrenal gland adaptation in response to chronic intrauterine stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":47062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pregnancy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377111/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The Impact of Fetal Growth Restriction on Prenatal 2D Ultrasound and Doppler Study of the Fetal Adrenal Gland.\",\"authors\":\"Suphawan Pattamathamakul, Chatuporn Duangkum, Sukanya Chaiyarach, Kiattisak Kongwattanakul, Piyamas Saksiriwuttho, Ratana Komwilaisak, Sathida Chantanavilai, Manasicha Pongsamakthai, Prapassara Sirikarn\",\"doi\":\"10.1155/2024/9968509\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Uteroplacental insufficiency in fetuses with growth restriction (FGR) leads to chronic hypoxia and stress, predominantly affecting the adrenal glands. However, the mechanisms of impact remain unclear. <b>Objectives:</b> This study is aimed at comparing the Doppler indices of the adrenal artery and the adrenal gland sizes between FGR and those with normal growth. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted from February to December 2023. We compared 34 FGR to 34 with normal growth in terms of inferior adrenal artery (IAA) Doppler indices and adrenal gland volumes. <b>Results:</b> The IAA peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the FGR group was 14.9 ± 2.9 cm/s compared to 13.5 ± 2.0 cm/s in the normal group, with a mean difference of 1.4 cm/s (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27-2.65; <i>p</i> value = 0.017). There were no significant differences between groups in terms of IAA pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), or systolic/diastolic (S/D), with <i>p</i> values of 0.438, 0.441, and 0.658, respectively. The volumes of the corrected whole adrenal gland and the corrected neocortex were significantly larger in the FGR group, with <i>p</i> values of 0.031 and 0.020, respectively. <b>Conclusion:</b> Both increased IAA PSV and enlarged volumes of the corrected whole adrenal gland and neocortex were found in fetuses with FGR, suggesting significant adrenal gland adaptation in response to chronic intrauterine stress.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":47062,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Pregnancy\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-29\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377111/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Pregnancy\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9968509\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Pregnancy","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9968509","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
The Impact of Fetal Growth Restriction on Prenatal 2D Ultrasound and Doppler Study of the Fetal Adrenal Gland.
Background: Uteroplacental insufficiency in fetuses with growth restriction (FGR) leads to chronic hypoxia and stress, predominantly affecting the adrenal glands. However, the mechanisms of impact remain unclear. Objectives: This study is aimed at comparing the Doppler indices of the adrenal artery and the adrenal gland sizes between FGR and those with normal growth. Materials and Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted from February to December 2023. We compared 34 FGR to 34 with normal growth in terms of inferior adrenal artery (IAA) Doppler indices and adrenal gland volumes. Results: The IAA peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the FGR group was 14.9 ± 2.9 cm/s compared to 13.5 ± 2.0 cm/s in the normal group, with a mean difference of 1.4 cm/s (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27-2.65; p value = 0.017). There were no significant differences between groups in terms of IAA pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), or systolic/diastolic (S/D), with p values of 0.438, 0.441, and 0.658, respectively. The volumes of the corrected whole adrenal gland and the corrected neocortex were significantly larger in the FGR group, with p values of 0.031 and 0.020, respectively. Conclusion: Both increased IAA PSV and enlarged volumes of the corrected whole adrenal gland and neocortex were found in fetuses with FGR, suggesting significant adrenal gland adaptation in response to chronic intrauterine stress.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Pregnancy is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies related to all aspects of pregnancy and childbirth. The journal welcomes submissions on breastfeeding, labor, maternal health and the biomedical aspects of pregnancy.