训练有素的自由潜水员在雪橇辅助下潜至两种不同深度时的脑血流动力学和全身生理变化。

IF 2.2 3区 医学 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-06 DOI:10.1152/ajpregu.00085.2024
Eva-Maria S Bønnelycke, Tommaso A Giacon, Gerardo Bosco, Jana M Kainerstorfer, Matteo Paganini, Alexander Ruesch, Jingyi Wu, J Chris McKnight
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引用次数: 0

摘要

虽然现有文献详细介绍了人类自由潜水的生理学,但由于缺乏标准化的方案,运动和深度等混杂变量阻碍了比较。通过考虑这些变量,可以研究深度对心血管和血氧调节的直接影响。本研究调查了憋气潜水时深度对 1)脑血流动力学和氧饱和度变化、2)动脉血氧饱和度(SpO2)和 3)心率的影响,而不考虑运动的混杂影响。六名自由潜水员(51.0 ± 12.6 岁;平均 ± s.d.)使用连续波近红外光谱仪监测脑血流动力学和氧合测量、心率和 SpO2,进行了 15 米和 42 米的雪橇辅助憋气潜水。脑血流动力学变化是憋气潜水的特征,从这两个深度上升时的变化可能是由肺扩张导致的 SpO2 下降引起的。虽然在下潜 42 米后 SpO2 明显降低(t(5) = -4.183,P 0.05),但在下潜到两个深度后,平均脑动静脉血氧饱和度仍保持在 74%。从 42 米处上升时,脑氧饱和度可能是通过增加动脉供氧量来维持的。心率是可变的,两个深度的最低心率没有显著差异(t(5) = -1.017, p > 0.05)。这项研究提出了一种标准化方法,可为今后有关人类自由潜水生理学的研究提供基础,并揭示自由潜水者减少这项运动潜在风险的方法。
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Cerebral hemodynamic and systemic physiological changes in trained freedivers completing sled-assisted dives to two different depths.

Although existing literature covers significant detail on the physiology of human freediving, the lack of standardized protocols has hindered comparisons due to confounding variables such as exercise and depth. By accounting for these variables, direct depth-dependent impacts on cardiovascular and blood oxygen regulation can be investigated. In this study, depth-dependent effects on 1) cerebral hemodynamic and oxygenation changes, 2) arterial oxygen saturation ([Formula: see text]), and 3) heart rate during breath-hold diving without confounding effects of exercise were investigated. Six freedivers (51.0 ± 12.6 yr; means ± SD), instrumented with continuous-wave near-infrared spectroscopy for monitoring cerebral hemodynamic and oxygenation measurements, heart rate, and [Formula: see text], performed sled-assisted breath-hold dives to 15 m and 42 m. Arterial blood gas tensions were validated through cross-sectional periodic blood sampling. Cerebral hemodynamic changes were characteristic of breath-hold diving, with changes during ascent from both depths likely driven by decreasing [Formula: see text] due to lung expansion. Although [Formula: see text] was significantly lower following 42-m dives [t(5) = -4.183, P < 0.05], mean cerebral arterial-venous blood oxygen saturation remained at 74% following dives to both depths. Cerebral oxygenation during ascent from 42 m may have been maintained through increased arterial delivery. Heart rate was variable with no significant difference in minimum heart rate between both depths [t(5) = -1.017, P > 0.05]. This study presents a standardized methodology, which could provide a basis for future research on human freediving physiology and uncover ways in which freedivers can reduce potential risks of the sport.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We present a standardized methodology in which trained breath-hold divers instrumented with wearable near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology and a cannula for arterial blood sampling completed sled-assisted dives to two different dive depths to account for the confounding factors of exercise and depth during breath-hold diving. In our investigation, we highlight the utility of wearable NIRS systems for continuous hemodynamic and oxygenation monitoring to investigate the impacts of hydrostatic pressure on cardiovascular and blood oxygen regulation.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
3.60%
发文量
145
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: The American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology publishes original investigations that illuminate normal or abnormal regulation and integration of physiological mechanisms at all levels of biological organization, ranging from molecules to humans, including clinical investigations. Major areas of emphasis include regulation in genetically modified animals; model organisms; development and tissue plasticity; neurohumoral control of circulation and hypertension; local control of circulation; cardiac and renal integration; thirst and volume, electrolyte homeostasis; glucose homeostasis and energy balance; appetite and obesity; inflammation and cytokines; integrative physiology of pregnancy-parturition-lactation; and thermoregulation and adaptations to exercise and environmental stress.
期刊最新文献
Cerebral hemodynamic and systemic physiological changes in trained freedivers completing sled-assisted dives to two different depths. Modulation of cutaneous vasodilation by reactive oxygen species during local and whole body heating in young and older adults. Relationship between regional sympathetic vascular transduction and sympathetic transduction of blood pressure in young adults at rest. Cerebral vasomotor reactivity to carbon dioxide using the rebreathe technique: assessment of within-day and between-day repeatability. Steering toward new horizons: a vision for the future of the American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology.
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