2020-22 年澳大利亚精神和药物使用失调的流行病学:患病率、社会人口相关因素、严重程度、损伤和随时间的变化。

IF 4 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-09-08 DOI:10.1177/00048674241275892
Tim Slade, Joshua Vescovi, Cath Chapman, Maree Teesson, Vikas Arya, Jane Pirkis, Meredith G Harris, Philip M Burgess, Damian Santomauro, Siobhan O'Dean, Caley Tapp, Matthew Sunderland
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:精神障碍和药物使用障碍是导致全球残疾的主要原因。对患病率、严重程度和损害程度的当代估计对于服务规划至关重要。本研究提供了 2020-22 年精神障碍和药物使用障碍的患病率、严重程度、损害程度和人口统计学相关因素的估计值,以及自 2007 年以来患病率的变化情况:数据来自 2020-22 年(N = 15,893 人)和 2007 年(N = 8841 人)进行的两次澳大利亚全国精神健康和福祉调查。描述性统计报告了按性别和年龄划分的终生和 12 个月精神障碍和药物使用障碍的患病率,按严重程度(轻度、中度和重度)划分的每种精神障碍的患病比例,以及按精神障碍类别(情绪、焦虑、药物使用)划分的平均脱离角色天数。逻辑回归分析研究了精神障碍等级的人口统计学相关因素,并评估了随时间推移而发生的变化:结果:2020-22 年,任何精神障碍或药物使用障碍的终生患病率为 40.2%。12 个月的患病率为 20.2%(情绪障碍--7.4%,焦虑障碍--15.7%,药物使用障碍--3.1%)。情绪障碍与严重的功能损害有关。随着时间的推移,精神障碍的患病率也发生了变化,情绪障碍和焦虑症的患病率有所上升,而药物使用障碍的患病率则有所下降。这些变化在年轻人中最为明显:结论:精神障碍在澳大利亚很常见。结论:精神障碍在澳大利亚很常见,与精神障碍相关的损害仍然很严重。应特别关注 16-24 岁的青壮年,在过去 13 年中,他们的焦虑症和情绪失调症发病率增幅最大。
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The epidemiology of mental and substance use disorders in Australia 2020-22: Prevalence, socio-demographic correlates, severity, impairment and changes over time.

Objective: Mental and substance use disorders are the leading causes of disability worldwide. Contemporary estimates of prevalence, severity and impairment are essential for service planning. This study provides estimates of prevalence, severity, impairment and demographic correlates of mental and substance use disorders in 2020-22 and changes in prevalence since 2007.

Methods: Data were from the two Australian National Surveys of Mental Health and Wellbeing conducted in 2020-22 (N = 15,893) and 2007 (N = 8841). Descriptive statistics report prevalence of lifetime and 12-month mental and substance use disorder by sex and age, proportion of people with each mental disorder by levels of severity (mild, moderate and severe) and mean days out of role by mental disorder class (mood, anxiety, substance use). Logistic regression analyses examined demographic correlates of mental disorder class and assessed changes over time.

Results: The lifetime prevalence of any mental or substance use disorder in 2020-22 was 40.2%. The 12-month prevalence was 20.2% (mood disorder - 7.4%, anxiety disorder - 15.7% and substance use disorder - 3.1%). Mood disorders were associated with significant impairment. The prevalence of mental disorders has changed over time, with mood and anxiety disorders increasing and substance use disorders decreasing. These changes were most evident among young adults.

Conclusion: Mental disorders are common in Australia. Impairment associated with mental disorders remains significant. Particular focus should be paid to young adults aged 16-24 years who have shown the largest increases in anxiety and mood disorder prevalence over the past 13 years.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
2.20%
发文量
149
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry is the official Journal of The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists (RANZCP). The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry is a monthly journal publishing original articles which describe research or report opinions of interest to psychiatrists. These contributions may be presented as original research, reviews, perspectives, commentaries and letters to the editor. The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry is the leading psychiatry journal of the Asia-Pacific region.
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