野地火灾烟雾将微生物从陆地源传输到大气层并返回的证据

IF 3.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI:10.1029/2024JG008236
Krista Bonfantine, David C. Vuono, Brent C. Christner, Rachel Moore, Sam Fox, Timothy Dean, Doris Betancourt, Adam Watts, Leda N. Kobziar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

与典型的环境空气相比,野外火灾产生的烟雾中含有更多样、更有生命力的微生物,但人们对烟载微生物的来源和汇却知之甚少。基于分子的调查数据表明,烟雾中的微生物来源于燃烧过程中气溶胶化的植被和下层土壤中的相关物质,但烟雾中微生物的来源尚未得到实验评估。为了阐明这种联系,我们对美国犹他州鱼湖国家森林的高强度森林火灾进行了研究,并将源汇模型应用于从烟雾、植被和土壤样本中回收的 16S 核糖体 RNA(rRNA)基因序列的集合。我们的研究结果表明,烟雾中 70% 的细菌类群来自当地的杨树群落(33%)和土壤群落(37%)。相比之下,火灾前空气采样中 42% 的细菌可归因于这些陆地来源。当烟雾中的细菌群落被模拟为当地群落的来源时,它们对陆地汇的平均贡献率为 25%,而来自环境空气的估计贡献率为 4%。我们的研究结果为野地火灾在细菌传播中的作用以及烟雾是接收生态系统的微生物环境库这一工作假设提供了支持。
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Evidence for Wildland Fire Smoke Transport of Microbes From Terrestrial Sources to the Atmosphere and Back

Smoke from wildland fires contains more diverse, viable microbes than typical ambient air, yet little is known about the sources and sinks of smoke-borne microorganisms. Data from molecular-based surveys suggest that smoke-borne microorganisms originate from material associated with the vegetation and underlying soils that becomes aerosolized during combustion, however, the sources of microbes in smoke have not yet been experimentally assessed. To elucidate this link, we studied high-intensity forest fires in the Fishlake National Forest, Utah, USA and applied source-sink modeling to assemblages of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences recovered from samples of smoke, vegetation, and soil. Our results suggest that 70% of the bacterial taxa in smoke originated from the local aspen (Populus tremuloides) (33%) and soil (37%) communities. In comparison, 42% of bacteria in air sampled prior to the fires could be attributed to these terrestrial sources. When the bacterial assemblages in smoke were modeled as sources to the local communities, they contributed an average of 25% to the terrestrial sinks versus an estimated contribution of <4% from ambient air. Our results provide support for the role of wildland fire in bacterial dispersal and the working hypothesis that smoke is an environmental reservoir of microbes for receiving ecosystems.

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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences Earth and Planetary Sciences-Paleontology
CiteScore
6.60
自引率
5.40%
发文量
242
期刊介绍: JGR-Biogeosciences focuses on biogeosciences of the Earth system in the past, present, and future and the extension of this research to planetary studies. The emerging field of biogeosciences spans the intellectual interface between biology and the geosciences and attempts to understand the functions of the Earth system across multiple spatial and temporal scales. Studies in biogeosciences may use multiple lines of evidence drawn from diverse fields to gain a holistic understanding of terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems and extreme environments. Specific topics within the scope of the section include process-based theoretical, experimental, and field studies of biogeochemistry, biogeophysics, atmosphere-, land-, and ocean-ecosystem interactions, biomineralization, life in extreme environments, astrobiology, microbial processes, geomicrobiology, and evolutionary geobiology
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