Interpolation of fat points on K3 and abelian surfaces

We prove that any number of general fat points of any multiplicities impose the expected number of conditions on a linear system on a smooth projective surface, in several cases including primitive linear systems on very general K3 and abelian surfaces, “Du Val” linear systems on blowups of $P^2$ at nine very general points, and certain linear systems on some ruled surfaces over elliptic curves. This is done by answering a question of the author about the case of only one fat point on a certain ruled surface, which follows from a circle of results due to Treibich–Verdier, Segal–Wilson, and others.