在通用量子计算中,哈达玛门不能被资源态取代

IF 5.1 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Quantum Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI:10.22331/q-2024-09-11-1470
Benjamin D. M. Jones, Noah Linden, Paul Skrzypczyk
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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们考虑的量子计算模型涉及在某些固定的资源量子态上执行的操作。符合这一范例的例子包括魔态注入和基于测量的方法。我们引入了一个包含这两种情况的框架,并重点关注相干性(或叠加)在这种情况下的作用,哈达玛门就是一个例子。我们证明,在获得非相干单元(那些无法从计算基态产生叠加的单元,如 CNOT、对角门)、经典控制、计算基态测量和任何资源丰富的辅助状态(任意维度)的情况下,不可能以非零概率精确实现任何相干单元(如哈达玛门)。我们还考虑了近似情况,为上述运算和 $n$ Hadamard 门之间的诱导迹距提供了下限。为了证明这一结果的稳定性,我们将其扩展到使用 $k$ Hadamard 门精确实现 $n \gt k$ Hadamard 门的类似不成功结果。
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The Hadamard gate cannot be replaced by a resource state in universal quantum computation
We consider models of quantum computation that involve operations performed on some fixed resourceful quantum state. Examples that fit this paradigm include magic state injection and measurement-based approaches. We introduce a framework that incorporates both of these cases and focus on the role of coherence (or superposition) in this context, as exemplified through the Hadamard gate. We prove that given access to incoherent unitaries (those that are unable to generate superposition from computational basis states, e.g. CNOT, diagonal gates), classical control, computational basis measurements, and any resourceful ancillary state (of arbitrary dimension), it is not possible to implement any coherent unitary (e.g. Hadamard) exactly with non-zero probability. We also consider the approximate case by providing lower bounds for the induced trace distance between the above operations and $n$ Hadamard gates. To demonstrate the stability of this result, this is then extended to a similar no-go result for the case of using $k$ Hadamard gates to exactly implement $n \gt k$ Hadamard gates.
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来源期刊
Quantum
Quantum Physics and Astronomy-Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
9.20
自引率
10.90%
发文量
241
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: Quantum is an open-access peer-reviewed journal for quantum science and related fields. Quantum is non-profit and community-run: an effort by researchers and for researchers to make science more open and publishing more transparent and efficient.
期刊最新文献
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