Nis Borbye-Lorenzen , Solveig Holmgaard , Filip Ottosson , Ron Nudel , Vivek Appadurai , Thomas Munk Laursen , Marie Bækvad-Hansen , Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm , Merete Nordentoft , Anders D Børglum , Preben Bo Mortensen , Thomas Werge , Michael E Benros , David Michael Hougaard , Kristin Skogstrand
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We therefore measured the immunological response to 5 abundant microorganisms (<em>Toxoplasmosis Gondii</em>, cytomegalovirus (CMV), Herpes Simplex Virus 1, Epstein Barr Virus and mycoplasma pneumoniae) in newborn heel prick samples of 1679 ADHD cases and 2948 matching controls as part of the iPSYCH Danish case-cohort study. We found an association between high anti-CMV (OR 1.30, 95 % CI [1.09,1.55], p = 0.015) and anti-mycoplasma (OR 1.30, 95 % CI [1.07,1.59], p = 0.037) signal and those newborns later being diagnosed with ADHD. The risk estimate remained increased when controlling for ADHD polygenic risk score as well as penicillin prescriptions. We saw a dose–response association with the amount of positive anti-microorganism titers increasing the risk of being diagnosed with ADHD later in life (p = 0.01 for the trend), suggesting that the more activated the immune system is prior to or at birth, the higher the risk is for a later diagnosis with ADHD. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)是一种神经发育障碍,通常在儿童时期就会被发现。虽然 ADHD 已被证实有很强的遗传因素,但环境风险因素(如孕妇在怀孕期间的感染)也可能起一定作用。因此,作为丹麦 iPSYCH 病例队列研究的一部分,我们测量了 1679 例多动症病例和 2948 例匹配对照的新生儿足跟点刺样本对 5 种大量微生物(弓形虫、巨细胞病毒(CMV)、单纯疱疹病毒 1、爱泼斯坦巴氏病毒和肺炎支原体)的免疫反应。我们发现,高抗 CMV(OR 1.30,95 % CI [1.09,1.55],p = 0.015)和抗支原体(OR 1.30,95 % CI [1.07,1.59],p = 0.037)信号与后来被诊断为多动症的新生儿之间存在关联。在控制了多动症多基因风险评分和青霉素处方后,风险估计值仍然增加。我们发现,抗微生物滴度呈阳性的数量与日后被诊断为多动症的风险呈剂量反应关系(趋势 p = 0.01),这表明出生前或出生时免疫系统越活跃,日后被诊断为多动症的风险就越高。如果这些关联是因果关系,那么它们强调了在怀孕期间保持健康生活方式的重要性,以降低怀孕时感染的风险和对孩子的相关风险。
High level of immunoglobulin G targeting mycoplasma or cytomegalovirus in the newborn increases risk of ADHD
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder typically detected in childhood. Although ADHD has been demonstrated to have a strong genetic component, environmental risk factors, such as maternal infections during pregnancy, may also play a role. We therefore measured the immunological response to 5 abundant microorganisms (Toxoplasmosis Gondii, cytomegalovirus (CMV), Herpes Simplex Virus 1, Epstein Barr Virus and mycoplasma pneumoniae) in newborn heel prick samples of 1679 ADHD cases and 2948 matching controls as part of the iPSYCH Danish case-cohort study. We found an association between high anti-CMV (OR 1.30, 95 % CI [1.09,1.55], p = 0.015) and anti-mycoplasma (OR 1.30, 95 % CI [1.07,1.59], p = 0.037) signal and those newborns later being diagnosed with ADHD. The risk estimate remained increased when controlling for ADHD polygenic risk score as well as penicillin prescriptions. We saw a dose–response association with the amount of positive anti-microorganism titers increasing the risk of being diagnosed with ADHD later in life (p = 0.01 for the trend), suggesting that the more activated the immune system is prior to or at birth, the higher the risk is for a later diagnosis with ADHD. If the associations are causal, they emphasize the importance of a healthy life style during pregnancy to reduce the risk of infections when pregnant and the associated risks for the child.
期刊介绍:
Established in 1987, Brain, Behavior, and Immunity proudly serves as the official journal of the Psychoneuroimmunology Research Society (PNIRS). This pioneering journal is dedicated to publishing peer-reviewed basic, experimental, and clinical studies that explore the intricate interactions among behavioral, neural, endocrine, and immune systems in both humans and animals.
As an international and interdisciplinary platform, Brain, Behavior, and Immunity focuses on original research spanning neuroscience, immunology, integrative physiology, behavioral biology, psychiatry, psychology, and clinical medicine. The journal is inclusive of research conducted at various levels, including molecular, cellular, social, and whole organism perspectives. With a commitment to efficiency, the journal facilitates online submission and review, ensuring timely publication of experimental results. Manuscripts typically undergo peer review and are returned to authors within 30 days of submission. It's worth noting that Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, published eight times a year, does not impose submission fees or page charges, fostering an open and accessible platform for scientific discourse.