Chester J. Sands, William P. Goodall-Copestake, Sabine Stöhr, Bhavani E. Narayanaswamy, Peter Convey, Timothy D. O’Hara, Rafael Martín-Ledo
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However, molecular work over the past two decades is challenging the paradigm of a general Antarctic benthic fauna, with evidence mounting for assemblages being regionally unique in terms of genetic diversity, regardless of formal taxonomic species composition. The widely distributed brittle star, <jats:italic>Amphiura belgicae</jats:italic>, is one element of the Southern Ocean benthic assemblage that has a complex historical taxonomic background hinting that it may in reality be a complex of species, each with small geographic range and little connectivity. Our study identified deep genetic divisions between geographically isolated populations, particularly between those on the Patagonian shelf and elsewhere. Indeed, populations on the Patagonian shelf were more closely related to the sympatric sister species <jats:italic>A. eugeniae</jats:italic> than to any other Southern Ocean population. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
准确了解物种的地理分布对有效的保护管理至关重要。分布范围广、连通性好的物种被认为能够抵御不利的局部/区域条件,而分布范围小、种群规模较小的物种则更容易受到伤害。整个南大洋丰富的海底生物群落通常被认为是 "南极 "生物群落,南美洲的一些生物输入也为亚南极岛屿陆架的多样性做出了贡献。然而,过去二十年的分子研究工作正在挑战南极底栖动物群落的普遍模式,越来越多的证据表明,无论正式的分类物种组成如何,底栖动物群落在遗传多样性方面都具有区域独特性。广泛分布的脆海星(Amphiura belgicae)是南大洋底栖动物群的一个组成部分,其复杂的历史分类背景暗示它实际上可能是一个物种群,每个物种的地理分布范围都很小,几乎没有联系。我们的研究发现,地理上相互隔离的种群之间,尤其是巴塔哥尼亚大陆架上的种群与其他地方的种群之间,存在着很深的遗传分化。事实上,巴塔哥尼亚大陆架上的种群与同域姊妹种 A. eugeniae 的亲缘关系比与南大洋其他种群的亲缘关系更近。我们将我们的数据与来自类似采集地的 Ophiuroglypha lymani 的研究数据进行了比较,发现两者的种群都呈现出高度区域化的特点,尤其是在岛屿陆架上,而且两者都有一个奇怪的现象,即假定的外群物种是内群物种的一个组成部分。我们认为,这两个物种的孤立种群都遵循着不同的进化和生态轨迹,都应被视为物种复合体。
The diverse and widespread Southern Ocean ophiuroid Amphiura belgicae should be considered a species complex
Accurate knowledge of geographic ranges of species is essential for effective conservation management. Species with large distributions and good connectivity are presumed to be resilient to adverse localized/regional conditions, whereas those with small ranges and, thus, smaller population sizes are more likely to be vulnerable. The rich benthic assemblages across the Southern Ocean are generally considered “Antarctic” with some input from South America contributing to diversity on the sub-Antarctic island shelves. However, molecular work over the past two decades is challenging the paradigm of a general Antarctic benthic fauna, with evidence mounting for assemblages being regionally unique in terms of genetic diversity, regardless of formal taxonomic species composition. The widely distributed brittle star, Amphiura belgicae, is one element of the Southern Ocean benthic assemblage that has a complex historical taxonomic background hinting that it may in reality be a complex of species, each with small geographic range and little connectivity. Our study identified deep genetic divisions between geographically isolated populations, particularly between those on the Patagonian shelf and elsewhere. Indeed, populations on the Patagonian shelf were more closely related to the sympatric sister species A. eugeniae than to any other Southern Ocean population. We compare our data with a study of Ophiuroglypha lymani from similar collections, highlighting that both show highly regionalized populations, particularly on Island shelves, and both share the curious phenomenon of a presumed outgroup species being an element of the ingroup. We suggest that the isolated populations of both these species are following distinct evolutionary and ecological trajectories and that both should be treated as species complexes.
期刊介绍:
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research across fundamental and applied sciences, to provide ecological and evolutionary insights into our natural and anthropogenic world, and how it should best be managed. Field Chief Editor Mark A. Elgar at the University of Melbourne is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics and the public worldwide.
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