An Efficient Endothelial Cell Differentiation Protocol Using Bioactive Lipid O-Cyclic Phytosphingosine-1-Phosphate in Human Embryonic Stem Cells.

Bioactive lipids like sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and lysophosphatidic acid have gained significant attention as signaling molecules with regulatory roles in stem cell proliferation and differentiation. The novel chemically synthesized sphingosine metabolite O-cyclic phytosphingosine-1-phosphate (cP1P) is derived from phytosphingosine-1-phosphate (P1P) and shares structural similarities with S1P. Previously, the role of cP1P in regulating ALK3/BMPR signaling during cardiomyocyte differentiation from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) was demonstrated. In this study, the applicability of cP1P for endothelial cells (ECs) differentiation from hESCs was investigated an efficient method to obtain a high yield of functional ECs over several passages was standardized. The ECs derived from hESCs showed cellular and molecular characteristics similar to the native ECs. Thus, the results of this study open avenues for further research into cP1P-based stem cell differentiation for regenerative therapies.