Jon Lambarri, Jon Gabirondo-López, Telmo Echániz, Silvio Schmalfuß, Maria José Tobar
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CFD and ray tracing analysis of a discrete nozzle for laser metal deposition
Blown powder laser metal deposition (p-LMD) is an advanced additive manufacturing technique that creates metal components by fusing metal powder particles with a substrate using a high-power laser source. This study explores the interactions between laser energy, powder flow, and gas dynamics within a three-channel nozzle configuration for a p-LMD processes, using an innovative three-step CFD–ray tracing model. Experimental techniques, including scanning electron microscopy for powder characterisation, radiometry for emissivity calibration, Pitot tube anemometry for gas flow velocity, and particle image velocimetry for particle velocity measurements, calibrate and validate the model. Employing ray tracing, the study evaluates the consequences of reflected and scattered light on the effective laser field seen by the powder cloud during the LMD process. Significant findings include the identification of optimal gas flow rates for effective shielding of the interaction volume and the impact of varying mass flow rates on laser beam attenuation and particle heating.
期刊介绍:
Meccanica focuses on the methodological framework shared by mechanical scientists when addressing theoretical or applied problems. Original papers address various aspects of mechanical and mathematical modeling, of solution, as well as of analysis of system behavior. The journal explores fundamental and applications issues in established areas of mechanics research as well as in emerging fields; contemporary research on general mechanics, solid and structural mechanics, fluid mechanics, and mechanics of machines; interdisciplinary fields between mechanics and other mathematical and engineering sciences; interaction of mechanics with dynamical systems, advanced materials, control and computation; electromechanics; biomechanics.
Articles include full length papers; topical overviews; brief notes; discussions and comments on published papers; book reviews; and an international calendar of conferences.
Meccanica, the official journal of the Italian Association of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, was established in 1966.