具有季节性水动力变化的沙质辫状河沉积结构:中国鄂尔多斯盆地二叠系下统石河子地层的启示

IF 1.8 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Frontiers of Earth Science Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI:10.1007/s11707-024-1110-5
Xiaohui Li, Yuliang Su, Guanglei Ren, Feixiang Gao, Shuhong Yan, Huachao Sun, Hui Ran, Mengdi Cui
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引用次数: 0

摘要

沙质辫状河流是存在于古代和现代冲积平原的一种典型河流类型,具有明显的季节性水量变化。这种变化对辫状河的沉积过程和沉积结构的形成起着重要作用。本文以府谷黄河沿岸的辫状河出露为研究对象,描述了季节性水动力变化对辫状河沉积结构的影响。结果表明,辫状河道网络在洪水期和正常期表现出两种不同的形态。在洪水期,围绕河道条石的主辫状河道和分布在河道条石顶部的次辫状河道共存,形成高度辫状河道网络。主辫状河道的迁移控制着中间河道条石和边条石的形成。次级辫状河道的产生和演变改造了原有河道条石的上部,并在其流动路径上产生了附属条石。在正常时期,水位下降导致次级河道废弃,形成废弃河道,只有主辫状河道保持活跃。在长期的沉积过程中,洪水期的强水流不断侵蚀原有沉积物并形成新的沉积物,而正常时期的弱水流只能改造主辫状河道及其附近的河道条石沉积物。根据沉积过程和相关水动力条件的差异,辫状河沉积物可分为两种组合。强水动力组合包括主辫状河道、中间河道栅栏和边栅栏,而弱水动力组合包括次级辫状河道、废弃河道和附属栅栏。强水动力组合所占比例远大于弱水动力组合。在此基础上,我们构建了一个辫状河沉积体系结构模型,该模型有助于地下油气藏的精细表征。
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Sedimentary architecture of a sandy braided river with seasonal hydrodynamic variations: insights from the Permian Lower Shihezi Formation, Ordos Basin, China

A sandy, braided river is a typical type of river that exists in ancient and modern alluvial plains and is inherent with significant seasonal water discharge variations. The variations play an important role in the depositional process and the formation of the sedimentary architecture of braided rivers. In this paper, a braided river outcrop along the Yellow River in Fugu is used to describe the effects of seasonal hydrodynamic variations on braided river sedimentary architecture. The results show that the braided channel network exhibits two different patterns during flood period and normal period. During flood periods, the main braided channels surrounding channel bars and the secondary braided channels distributed on the top of the channel bars coexist, forming a highly braided channel network. Migration of the main braided channels control the formation of middle channel bars and side bars. The generation and evolution of the secondary braided channels reformed the upper part of preexisting channel bars and produced affiliated bars along their flow path. During the normal period, water levels decrease, causing the secondary river channels to be abandoned and forming abandoned channels, and only the main braided channels stay active. In the long term sedimentation process, strong water flow during the flood period continuously erodes pre-existing sediments and forms new sediments, while weak water flow during the normal period can only reform the main braided channels and their adjacent channel bar sediments. Based on differences in sedimentary processes and associated hydrodynamic conditions, braided river sediments are divided into two combinations. The strong hydrodynamic combination includes main braided channels, middle channel bar, and side bar, while the weak hydrodynamic combination includes secondary braided channels, abandoned channels, and affiliated bars. The proportion of strong hydrodynamic combinations is much larger than that of weak hydrodynamic combinations. Based on this, we construct a braided river sedimentary architecture model that is helpful for the fine characterization of subsurface oil and gas reservoirs.

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来源期刊
Frontiers of Earth Science
Frontiers of Earth Science GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
5.00%
发文量
627
期刊介绍: Frontiers of Earth Science publishes original, peer-reviewed, theoretical and experimental frontier research papers as well as significant review articles of more general interest to earth scientists. The journal features articles dealing with observations, patterns, processes, and modeling of both innerspheres (including deep crust, mantle, and core) and outerspheres (including atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere) of the earth. Its aim is to promote communication and share knowledge among the international earth science communities
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