急性运动会改变衰老和阿尔茨海默病的脑葡萄糖代谢。

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Journal of Physiology-London Pub Date : 2026-03-17 Epub Date: 2024-09-11 DOI:10.1113/JP286923

Zachary D. Green, Casey S. John, Paul J. Kueck, Anneka E. Blankenship, Riley E. Kemna, Chelsea N. Johnson, Lauren E. Yoksh, Shaun R. Best, Joseph S. Donald, Jonathan D. Mahnken, Jeffrey M. Burns, Eric D. Vidoni, Jill K. Morris

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引用次数: 0

摘要

有证据表明，有氧运动能改善大脑健康。有氧运动的益处可能会受到对运动的急性生理反应的调节，但这一点在老年人或认知能力受损的成年人身上还没有得到很好的体现。随机对照试验 "AEROBIC"（NCT04299308）招募了 60 名认知能力健康（n = 30）或认知能力受损（n = 30）的老年人，以确定大脑对中等强度[45-55% 心率储备（HRR）]和较高强度（65-75% HRR）急性运动的急性反应。每位受试者都接受了两次氟脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层扫描（FDG-PET）扫描，一次是休息时，另一次是急性运动后。从静息到运动的脑葡萄糖代谢变化是主要结果。血液生物标志物反应也是次要结果。整个灰质 FDG-PET 标准化摄取值比（SUVR）在运动（1.045 ± 0.082）和静息（0.985 ± 0.077）之间存在差异[Diff = -0.060，t(58) = 13.8，P <0.001]，与诊断无关。与中等强度组（MD = 40.3 ± 27.5; t = -5.252，P < 0.001）相比，高强度组[平均差 (MD) = 97.0 ± 50.8]的运动增加了乳酸曲线下面积（AUC）[F(1,56) = 161.99，P < 0.001]。乳酸AUC的变化与FDG-PET SUVR有显著相关性（R2 = 0.179，P < 0.001）。急性运动降低了整个大脑灰质的葡萄糖代谢。这种效应与全身乳酸反应一致，表明乳酸可能是运动时大脑的主要燃料。有必要直接测量大脑乳酸代谢对运动的反应。要点：在认知健康的老年人和阿尔茨海默氏症患者中，急性运动都会导致全脑葡萄糖代谢下降。急性运动后血液乳酸水平升高。大脑新陈代谢的变化与血乳酸的变化一致，这表明血乳酸可能是一种重要的大脑燃料。急性运动会刺激脑源性神经营养因子和其他血液生物标志物的变化。

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Acute exercise alters brain glucose metabolism in aging and Alzheimer's disease

There is evidence that aerobic exercise improves brain health. Benefits may be modulated by acute physiological responses to exercise, but this has not been well characterized in older or cognitively impaired adults. The randomized controlled trial ‘AEROBIC’ (NCT04299308) enrolled 60 older adults who were cognitively healthy (n = 30) or cognitively impaired (n = 30) to characterize the acute brain responses to moderate [45–55% heart rate reserve (HRR)] and higher (65–75% HRR) intensity acute exercise. Each participant received two fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scans, one at rest and one following acute exercise. Change in cerebral glucose metabolism from rest to exercise was the primary outcome. Blood biomarker responses were also characterized as secondary outcomes. Whole grey matter FDG-PET standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) differed between exercise (1.045 ± 0.082) and rest (0.985 ± 0.077) across subjects [Diff = −0.060, t(58) = 13.8, P < 0.001] regardless of diagnosis. Exercise increased lactate area under the curve (AUC) [F(1,56) = 161.99, P < 0.001] more in the higher intensity group [mean difference (MD) = 97.0 ± 50.8] than the moderate intensity group (MD = 40.3 ± 27.5; t = −5.252, P < 0.001). Change in lactate AUC and FDG-PET SUVR correlated significantly (R² = 0.179, P < 0.001). Acute exercise decreased whole grey matter cerebral glucose metabolism. This effect tracked with the systemic lactate response, suggesting that lactate may serve as a key brain fuel during exercise. Direct measurements of brain lactate metabolism in response to exercise are warranted.

Key points

Acute exercise is associated with a drop in global brain glucose metabolism in both cognitively healthy older adults and those with Alzheimer's disease.
Blood lactate levels increase following acute exercise.
Change in brain metabolism tracks with blood lactate, suggesting it may be an important brain fuel.
Acute exercise stimulates changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor and other blood biomarkers.

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来源期刊

Journal of Physiology-London 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

9.70

自引率

7.30%

发文量

817

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Physiology publishes full-length original Research Papers and Techniques for Physiology, which are short papers aimed at disseminating new techniques for physiological research. Articles solicited by the Editorial Board include Perspectives, Symposium Reports and Topical Reviews, which highlight areas of special physiological interest. CrossTalk articles are short editorial-style invited articles framing a debate between experts in the field on controversial topics. Letters to the Editor and Journal Club articles are also published. All categories of papers are subjected to peer reivew. The Journal of Physiology welcomes submitted research papers in all areas of physiology. Authors should present original work that illustrates new physiological principles or mechanisms. Papers on work at the molecular level, at the level of the cell membrane, single cells, tissues or organs and on systems physiology are all acceptable. Theoretical papers and papers that use computational models to further our understanding of physiological processes will be considered if based on experimentally derived data and if the hypothesis advanced is directly amenable to experimental testing. While emphasis is on human and mammalian physiology, work on lower vertebrate or invertebrate preparations may be suitable if it furthers the understanding of the functioning of other organisms including mammals.