Ka-Wah Wong, Colin M. Steiner, Allison M. Blum, Dacheng Lin, Rodrigo Nemmen, Jimmy A. Irwin, Daniel R. Wik
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Together with a simultaneous Swift observation, we\nhave constrained the dominant hard X-ray emission to be from its unresolved\nX-ray core, presumably in its quiescent state. We found evidence of a cutoff in\nthe energy around 20 keV, indicating that at least some of the X-rays from the\ncore can be attributed to the RIAF. The Comptonization model suggests an\nelectron temperature of about 15 keV and an optical depth ranging between 4 and\n7, following the universality of coronal properties of black hole accretion.\nThe cutoff energy or electron temperature of 3C 264 is the lowest among those\nof other LLAGNs. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
3C 264 是少数几个检测到 TeV 辐射的 FRI 射电星系之一。它是一个低亮度 AGN(LLAGN),通常与辐射效率增殖流(RIAF)有关。早期的多波长研究表明,X射线发射源自喷流。不过,也不能排除RIAF对X射线有重要贡献的可能性。特别是,从未探测到10千伏的硬X射线发射,这使得区分不同的X射线模型具有挑战性。在这里,我们报告了来自3C 264的高达25 keV的NuSTAR探测结果。我们还展示了子像素解卷积的Chandra图像,以分辨距离未分辨的X射线核心中心约0.2角秒的喷流发射。通过与 Swift 同时进行的观测,我们确定了主要的硬 X 射线发射来自于其未解离的 X 射线内核,大概处于静止状态。我们发现了 20 keV 左右能量截止的证据,表明至少有一部分来自核心的 X 射线可以归因于 RIAF。根据黑洞吸积的日冕特性的普遍性,康普顿化模型表明电子温度约为15 keV,光学深度在4到7之间。探测到的硬X射线辐射比同步加速器自康普顿模型所预测的至少高出一个数量级,同步加速器自康普顿模型是为了解释伽马射线和TeV辐射而引入的,这表明同步加速器电子可能被加速到了比以前认为的更高的能量。
NuSTAR Observation of the TeV-Detected Radio Galaxy 3C 264: Core Emission and the Hot Accretion Flow Contribution
3C 264 is one of the few FRI radio galaxies with detected TeV emission. It is
a low-luminosity AGN (LLAGN) and is generally associated with a radiatively
inefficient accretion flow (RIAF). Earlier multiwavelength studies suggest that
the X-ray emission originates from a jet. However, the possibility that the
RIAF can significantly contribute to the X-rays cannot be ruled out. In
particular, hard X-ray emission $\gtrsim$10 keV has never been detected, making
it challenging to distinguish between X-ray models. Here we report a NuSTAR
detection up to 25 keV from 3C 264. We also present subpixel deconvolved
Chandra images to resolve jet emission down to ~0.2 arcsec from the center of
the unresolved X-ray core. Together with a simultaneous Swift observation, we
have constrained the dominant hard X-ray emission to be from its unresolved
X-ray core, presumably in its quiescent state. We found evidence of a cutoff in
the energy around 20 keV, indicating that at least some of the X-rays from the
core can be attributed to the RIAF. The Comptonization model suggests an
electron temperature of about 15 keV and an optical depth ranging between 4 and
7, following the universality of coronal properties of black hole accretion.
The cutoff energy or electron temperature of 3C 264 is the lowest among those
of other LLAGNs. The detected hard X-ray emission is at least an order of
magnitude higher than that predicted by synchrotron self-Compton models
introduced to explain $\gamma$-ray and TeV emission, suggesting that the
synchrotron electrons might be accelerated to higher energies than previously
thought.