滴灌和氮水平对芝麻油和脂肪酸组成的影响及其经济性分析

Agronomy Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.3390/agronomy14092092
Ismail Tas, Sevim Akcura, Mahmut Kaplan, Barbara Jagosz, Atılgan Atılgan, Joanna Kocięcka, Roman Rolbiecki, Daniel Liberacki, Stanisław Rolbiecki
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引用次数: 0

摘要

芝麻是历史最悠久的油料作物之一,种植芝麻的主要原因是其宝贵的油酸/亚麻酸脂肪酸比例。精确灌溉和施肥对确保芝麻生产的连续性和生产力至关重要,尤其是在干旱和半干旱地区。本研究旨在确定滴灌和氮肥水平对芝麻油和脂肪酸组成的影响。为此,采用了四种氮肥剂量(N0:0 千克/公顷-1、N30:30 千克/公顷-1、N60:60 千克/公顷-1 和 N90:90 千克/公顷-1)和三种不同的灌溉水位(I50、I75 和 I100,分别相当于 A 级水盘蒸发量的 50%、75% 和 100%)。I75N90 处理的油酸含量最高(43.06%)。亚油酸含量最高的是 I50N0 处理(43.66%)。灌溉和氮剂量对油酸和亚油酸含量的影响互为相反。灌溉水量的增加提高了亚油酸含量。然而,它却导致油酸含量下降。增加施氮量会增加油酸含量,但会降低亚油酸含量。此外,该研究还表明,I50N60 处理(50% Epan 和 60 kg N ha-1)是芝麻种植中实现高产的最有效方法。研究结果为农民种植芝麻提供了实际指导。
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The Effect of Drip Irrigation and Nitrogen Levels on the Oil and Fatty Acid Composition of Sesame and Its Economic Analysis
One of the oldest oilseed crops is sesame, which is mainly cultivated due to its valuable oleic/linolenic fatty acid ratio. The application of precise irrigation and fertilisation is crucial to ensure the continuity and productivity of sesame production, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. This study aimed to determine the effect of drip irrigation and nitrogen levels on sesame’s oil and fatty acid composition. For this purpose, four nitrogen doses (N0: 0 kg ha−1, N30: 30 kg ha−1, N60: 60 kg ha−1 and N90: 90 kg ha−1) and three different irrigation water levels (I50, I75 and I100, which correspond to 50, 75 and 100% evaporation levels from the evaporation of the Class A pan) were applied. The highest oleic acid content (43.06%) was obtained for the I75N90 treatment. In the case of linoleic fatty acid, the greatest value (43.66%) was for I50N0 treatment. The effects of irrigation and nitrogen doses on oleic acid and linoleic acid content were inverse of each other. An increase in applied irrigation water increased the linoleic acid content. However, it caused a decrease in oleic acid content. Increasing the nitrogen dose increased the oleic acid content and caused a decrease in linoleic acid content. Furthermore, this study showed that the I50N60 treatment (50% Epan and a rate of 60 kg N ha−1) is the most effective for achieving high grain and oil yields in sesame cultivation. The results obtained provide practical guidance for farmers in sesame cultivation.
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