宇宙尺度上的量子效应作为暗物质和暗能量的替代方案

IF 2.5 4区 物理与天体物理 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS Universe Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI:10.3390/universe10080333
Da-Ming Chen, Lin Wang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自旋扭转理论是研究引力的一种量规理论方法,它在爱因斯坦广义相对论(GR)的基础上加入了微观粒子的自旋。在本研究中,我们进一步发展了自旋扭转理论,以研究涉及自由落体宏观粒子的球面对称和静态引力系统。我们认为,在宇宙尺度上,宏观物质的量子自旋变得值得注意。我们进一步假设,狄拉克自旋因子和狄拉克方程能够充分捕捉粒子及其相关过程的所有基本物理特征。我们研究方法的一个重要方面是用尺度函数代替狄拉克方程中的质量常数,从而在量子效应和引力系统尺度之间建立联系。这种机制确保了宏观物质的量子效应与尺度有关,并在局部减弱,而这种现象在微观粒子中是观察不到的。对于任何给定的物质密度分布,我们的理论在质量表达式中预言了一个额外的量子项--量子势能(QPE)。量子势能会引起时间膨胀和距离收缩,从而模拟引力井。应用于宇宙学时,我们的理论产生了一个静态宇宙学模型。在爱因斯坦的静态宇宙学模型中,QPE 与他为平衡引力而引入的宇宙常数相对应。QPE 还为哈勃红移(传统上归因于宇宙膨胀)的起源提供了合理的解释。预测的光度距离-红移关系与宇宙学样本中的SNe Ia数据非常吻合。在星系中,QPE 的功能相当于暗物质。预测的圆周速度与 SPARC(斯皮策摄影测量和精确旋转曲线数据库)样本的旋转曲线数据非常吻合。重要的是,我们在本文中的结论是通过传统方法得出的,唯一的假设是宏观物质在大尺度上的量子效应,而不需要额外的修改或假设。
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Quantum Effects on Cosmic Scales as an Alternative to Dark Matter and Dark Energy
The spin-torsion theory is a gauge theory approach to gravity that expands upon Einstein’s general relativity (GR) by incorporating the spin of microparticles. In this study, we further develop the spin-torsion theory to examine spherically symmetric and static gravitational systems that involve free-falling macroscopic particles. We posit that the quantum spin of macroscopic matter becomes noteworthy at cosmic scales. We further assume that the Dirac spinor and Dirac equation adequately capture all essential physical characteristics of the particles and their associated processes. A crucial aspect of our approach involves substituting the constant mass in the Dirac equation with a scale function, allowing us to establish a connection between quantum effects and the scale of gravitational systems. This mechanism ensures that the quantum effect of macroscopic matter is scale-dependent and diminishes locally, a phenomenon not observed in microparticles. For any given matter density distribution, our theory predicts an additional quantum term, the quantum potential energy (QPE), within the mass expression. The QPE induces time dilation and distance contraction, and thus mimics a gravitational well. When applied to cosmology, our theory yields a static cosmological model. The QPE serves as a counterpart to the cosmological constant introduced by Einstein to balance gravity in his static cosmological model. The QPE also offers a plausible explanation for the origin of Hubble redshift (traditionally attributed to the universe’s expansion). The predicted luminosity distance–redshift relation aligns remarkably well with SNe Ia data from the cosmological sample of SNe Ia. In the context of galaxies, the QPE functions as the equivalent of dark matter. The predicted circular velocities align well with rotation curve data from the SPARC (Spitzer Photometry and Accurate Rotation Curves database) sample. Importantly, our conclusions in this paper are reached through a conventional approach, with the sole assumption of the quantum effects of macroscopic matter at large scales, without the need for additional modifications or assumptions.
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来源期刊
Universe
Universe Physics and Astronomy-General Physics and Astronomy
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
17.20%
发文量
562
审稿时长
24.38 days
期刊介绍: Universe (ISSN 2218-1997) is an international peer-reviewed open access journal focused on fundamental principles in physics. It publishes reviews, research papers, communications, conference reports and short notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their research results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers.
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