利用 DEM 进行可变形多孔介质中的全耦合隐式水力机械多相流模拟

Quanwei Dai, Kang Duan, Chung-Yee Kwok
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引用次数: 0

摘要

了解多孔介质中多相流动力学的基本机制对于优化地质碳封存等地下工程应用至关重要。然而,由于难以获得力和位移等力学数据,在实验室研究多相流体与晶粒相互作用的微观机理具有挑战性。与孔隙网络耦合的过渡离散元素法模型为这些相互作用提供了洞察力,但在压裂导致孔隙扩张时难以进行准确的压力预测,在可压缩流体缓慢排出时也难以进行高效模拟。为了解决这些局限性,我们开发了一种先进的双向耦合水力机械离散元法模型,该模型可以准确有效地捕捉可变形多孔介质中流体-流体和流体-晶粒之间的相互作用。我们的模型集成了一种无条件稳定的隐式有限体积方法,可为前进的流体提供显著的时间步长。压力-体积迭代方案动态地平衡了注入诱导的压力积累与孔隙结构的巨大变形,而流动前沿推进准则精确地定位了流体-流体界面,并自适应地细化了时间步长,特别是当毛细管效应阻塞潜在流动路径时。该模型根据刚性和可变形多孔介质中的基准 Hele-Shaw 实验进行了验证,为多相流的微观机制提供了定量见解。该模型首次采用了晶粒尺度的输入,如粘性压力和毛细管压力、能量、接触力和流动阻力,以提供对微观尺度流体-流体和流体-晶粒流动模式及其转换的详细了解。
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Fully Coupled Implicit Hydro-Mechanical Multiphase Flow Simulation in Deformable Porous Media Using DEM
Knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of multiphase flow dynamics in porous media is crucial for optimizing subsurface engineering applications like geological carbon sequestration. However, studying the micro-mechanisms of multiphase fluid--grain interactions in the laboratory is challenging due to the difficulty in obtaining mechanical data such as force and displacement. Transitional discrete element method models coupled with pore networks offer insights into these interactions but struggle with accurate pressure prediction during pore expansion from fracturing and efficient simulation during the slow drainage of compressible fluids. To address these limitations, we develop an advanced two-way coupled hydro-mechanical discrete element method model that accurately and efficiently captures fluid--fluid and fluid--grain interactions in deformable porous media. Our model integrates an unconditionally stable implicit finite volume approach, enabling significant timesteps for advancing fluids. A pressure-volume iteration scheme dynamically balances injection-induced pressure buildup with substantial pore structure deformation, while flow front-advancing criteria precisely locate the fluid--fluid interface and adaptively refine timesteps, particularly when capillary effects block potential flow paths. The model is validated against benchmark Hele-Shaw experiments in both rigid and deformable porous media, providing quantitative insights into the micro-mechanisms governing multiphase flow. For the first time, grain-scale inputs such as viscous and capillary pressures, energies, contact forces, and flow resistances are utilized to provide a detailed understanding of micro-scale fluid--fluid and fluid--grain flow patterns and their transitions.
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