Enhancing Heat Transfer with New Hybrid Nanofluids type Core@Shell Nanoparticles

In this numerical study, we investigate a novel hybrid consisting of core-shell nanoparticles with a ZnO@Ag structure, with the aim of enhancing heat transfer in non-uniformly heated systems. The numerical analysis spans a diverse set of Rayleigh numbers with a constant nanoparticle density of 0.1%. The results demonstrate significant improvements in Nusselt numbers, with ZnO@Ag nanoparticles, which exhibited a remarkable 20.15% enhancement. This enhancement is attributed to the even coating of materials with superior thermal properties, such as Ag, onto metallic oxides like ZnO, leading to increased overall thermal conductivity. These findings underscore the promising potential of core-shell nanoparticles for enhancing heat transfer in engineering applications, thereby motivating further research and optimization efforts.