反事实权力和真正的选择

IF 0.6 3区 哲学 Q4 SOCIOLOGY THEORIA Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI:10.1111/theo.12555
Adrian Kuźniar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

文章介绍了弱反事实力和强反事实力之间的区别,并表明就选择的形而上学方面而言,梅里克斯的例子并没有破坏这样一个命题,即对某一事实的强反事实力足以使人对该事实做出真正的选择。这与逻辑宿命论、神学不相容论和唯名论(决定论)不相容论的争论有关。如果强大的反事实能力足以让人做出选择,那么在上述立场的每一个主要论证中,对论证结论的否定都意味着对其关键前提的否定。有学者进一步指出,这些关键前提无法通过过去的固定性来证明,因为后者只有在过去与未来之间反事实依赖性不对称的情况下才能成立。因此,诸如关于我们行为的命题在我们出生之前是真实的,以及上帝当时相信我们会做出这些行为等事实的过去性,并不能提供任何理由让我们相信我们对这些事实没有选择权。宿命论者和不自由论者在他们的论证中假定了一些尚待证明的东西。
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Counterfactual power and genuine choice
The article introduces a distinction between weak and strong counterfactual power and shows that as far as the metaphysical aspect of choice is concerned, T. Merricks's examples do not undermine the proposition that strong counterfactual power over a fact suffices for having a genuine choice about that fact. This is relevant to debates about logical fatalism, theological incompatibilism and nomological (determinism) incompatibilism. If strong counterfactual power is sufficient for having a choice, then in each of the main arguments for the mentioned stances, the negation of the argument's conclusion entails the negation of its key premise. It is further argued that those key premises cannot be justified by the fixity of the past because the latter holds only to the extent warranted by the asymmetry of counterfactual dependence between the past and the future. Therefore, the pastness of such facts as that propositions about our acts were true before we were born, and that God believed then that we would perform those acts, does not provide any reason to believe that we do not have a choice about those facts. Fatalists and incompatibilists assume in their arguments something that has yet to be justified.
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来源期刊
THEORIA
THEORIA SOCIOLOGY-
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
18
审稿时长
24 weeks
期刊介绍: Since its foundation in 1935, Theoria publishes research in all areas of philosophy. Theoria is committed to precision and clarity in philosophical discussions, and encourages cooperation between philosophy and other disciplines. The journal is not affiliated with any particular school or faction. Instead, it promotes dialogues between different philosophical viewpoints. Theoria is peer-reviewed. It publishes articles, reviews, and shorter notes and discussions. Short discussion notes on recent articles in Theoria are welcome.
期刊最新文献
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