癌症治疗中的小分子先天免疫调节剂

IF 5.7 2区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Frontiers in Immunology Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1395655
Avijit Goswami, Sandeep Goyal, Princy Khurana, Kawaljit Singh, Barnali Deb, Aditya Kulkarni
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引用次数: 0

摘要

免疫疗法已被证明是癌症治疗的一大突破。迄今为止,大部分已获批准/处于后期阶段的癌症免疫疗法都是以抗体为基础的。虽然这些抗体药物已显示出巨大的前景,但它们中的大多数都受到限制,因为它们无法进入细胞外靶点、缺乏口服生物利用度、肿瘤微环境渗透、诱导抗体依赖性细胞毒性等。近来,由于小分子免疫调节剂有可能克服抗体的上述局限性,因此越来越多的研究开始关注小分子免疫调节剂的开发。此外,目前临床上使用的大多数生物制剂治疗方法仅限于调节适应性免疫系统,而经临床批准的调节先天性免疫系统的治疗方法却寥寥无几。先天性免疫系统是人体的第一道防线,有能力使冷肿瘤变热,并与现有的适应性免疫调节剂产生强大的协同作用。在临床前研究中,小分子先天性免疫调节剂作为与目前标准疗法免疫检查点抗体的联合疗法,已显示出协同疗效。在本综述中,我们将重点介绍小分子先天性免疫调节剂在癌症免疫疗法中取得的最新进展。
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Small molecule innate immune modulators in cancer therapy
Immunotherapy has proved to be a breakthrough in cancer treatment. So far, a bulk of the approved/late-stage cancer immunotherapy are antibody-based. Although these antibody-based drugs have demonstrated great promise, a majority of them are limited due to their access to extracellular targets, lack of oral bioavailability, tumor microenvironment penetration, induction of antibody dependent cytotoxicity etc. In recent times, there has been an increased research focus on the development of small molecule immunomodulators since they have the potential to overcome the aforementioned limitations posed by antibodies. Furthermore, while most biologics based therapeutics that are in clinical use are limited to modulating the adaptive immune system, very few clinically approved therapeutic modalities exist that modulate the innate immune system. The innate immune system, which is the body’s first line of defense, has the ability to turn cold tumors hot and synergize strongly with existing adaptive immune modulators. In preclinical studies, small molecule innate immune modulators have demonstrated synergistic efficacy as combination modalities with current standard-of-care immune checkpoint antibodies. In this review, we highlight the recent advances made by small molecule innate immunomodulators in cancer immunotherapy.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.80
自引率
11.00%
发文量
7153
审稿时长
14 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Immunology is a leading journal in its field, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across basic, translational and clinical immunology. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide. Frontiers in Immunology is the official Journal of the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS). Encompassing the entire field of Immunology, this journal welcomes papers that investigate basic mechanisms of immune system development and function, with a particular emphasis given to the description of the clinical and immunological phenotype of human immune disorders, and on the definition of their molecular basis.
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