Micaela Abrigo, Felipe Lezama, Iván Grela, Gervasio Piñeiro
{"title":"放牧排斥对拉普拉塔河草原稀树草原植被结构和土壤有机质的影响","authors":"Micaela Abrigo, Felipe Lezama, Iván Grela, Gervasio Piñeiro","doi":"10.1111/jvs.13304","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Questions</h3>\n \n <p>Herbivores change plant communities and biogeochemical cycles by changing species composition and soil organic matter contents through different mechanisms. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of livestock removal on plant species composition and soil organic matter stocks in savannas of the Río de la Plata grasslands.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Locations</h3>\n \n <p>A subtropical savanna in Río Negro, Uruguay.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>The experiment consisted of a paired grazing exclusion randomized block design with five sites, where livestock was excluded for 29 years. We recorded differences in plant species composition in different strata and extracted soil cores to analyze soil carbon and nitrogen stocks, and δ<sup>13</sup> carbon contents in two different soil organic matter fractions.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Long-term livestock removal reduced plant species richness and diversity, altered the floristic composition and facilitated native-shrub encroachment. Grazing exclusion modified the relative frequency of plant functional types and reduced summer-growing grasses. We recorded 45 species common to both grazing and exclosure treatments, while 19 were present only in exclosure sites and 39 only in grazed sites. Livestock exclusion had a differential effect on soil organic matter formation, increased soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in the mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) but tended to slightly reduce them in the particulate organic matter fraction (POM). Grazing removal modified the C<sub>3</sub>/C<sub>4</sub> species cover and these differences were reflected in the δ<sup>13</sup>C contents of both POM and MAOM fractions.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>Removal of domestic herbivores increased shrub abundance, decreased plant species richness and diversity but increased total carbon and nitrogen contents in soil organic matter. Our results suggest that grazed and exclosure areas should be combined mosaically in the landscape to maximize plant species diversity and soil organic carbon sequestration.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":49965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vegetation Science","volume":"35 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Grazing exclusion effects on vegetation structure and soil organic matter in savannas of Río de la Plata grasslands\",\"authors\":\"Micaela Abrigo, Felipe Lezama, Iván Grela, Gervasio Piñeiro\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/jvs.13304\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Questions</h3>\\n \\n <p>Herbivores change plant communities and biogeochemical cycles by changing species composition and soil organic matter contents through different mechanisms. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of livestock removal on plant species composition and soil organic matter stocks in savannas of the Río de la Plata grasslands.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Locations</h3>\\n \\n <p>A subtropical savanna in Río Negro, Uruguay.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>The experiment consisted of a paired grazing exclusion randomized block design with five sites, where livestock was excluded for 29 years. We recorded differences in plant species composition in different strata and extracted soil cores to analyze soil carbon and nitrogen stocks, and δ<sup>13</sup> carbon contents in two different soil organic matter fractions.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>Long-term livestock removal reduced plant species richness and diversity, altered the floristic composition and facilitated native-shrub encroachment. Grazing exclusion modified the relative frequency of plant functional types and reduced summer-growing grasses. We recorded 45 species common to both grazing and exclosure treatments, while 19 were present only in exclosure sites and 39 only in grazed sites. Livestock exclusion had a differential effect on soil organic matter formation, increased soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in the mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) but tended to slightly reduce them in the particulate organic matter fraction (POM). Grazing removal modified the C<sub>3</sub>/C<sub>4</sub> species cover and these differences were reflected in the δ<sup>13</sup>C contents of both POM and MAOM fractions.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\\n \\n <p>Removal of domestic herbivores increased shrub abundance, decreased plant species richness and diversity but increased total carbon and nitrogen contents in soil organic matter. 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Grazing exclusion effects on vegetation structure and soil organic matter in savannas of Río de la Plata grasslands
Questions
Herbivores change plant communities and biogeochemical cycles by changing species composition and soil organic matter contents through different mechanisms. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of livestock removal on plant species composition and soil organic matter stocks in savannas of the Río de la Plata grasslands.
Locations
A subtropical savanna in Río Negro, Uruguay.
Methods
The experiment consisted of a paired grazing exclusion randomized block design with five sites, where livestock was excluded for 29 years. We recorded differences in plant species composition in different strata and extracted soil cores to analyze soil carbon and nitrogen stocks, and δ13 carbon contents in two different soil organic matter fractions.
Results
Long-term livestock removal reduced plant species richness and diversity, altered the floristic composition and facilitated native-shrub encroachment. Grazing exclusion modified the relative frequency of plant functional types and reduced summer-growing grasses. We recorded 45 species common to both grazing and exclosure treatments, while 19 were present only in exclosure sites and 39 only in grazed sites. Livestock exclusion had a differential effect on soil organic matter formation, increased soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in the mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) but tended to slightly reduce them in the particulate organic matter fraction (POM). Grazing removal modified the C3/C4 species cover and these differences were reflected in the δ13C contents of both POM and MAOM fractions.
Conclusions
Removal of domestic herbivores increased shrub abundance, decreased plant species richness and diversity but increased total carbon and nitrogen contents in soil organic matter. Our results suggest that grazed and exclosure areas should be combined mosaically in the landscape to maximize plant species diversity and soil organic carbon sequestration.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Vegetation Science publishes papers on all aspects of plant community ecology, with particular emphasis on papers that develop new concepts or methods, test theory, identify general patterns, or that are otherwise likely to interest a broad international readership. Papers may focus on any aspect of vegetation science, e.g. community structure (including community assembly and plant functional types), biodiversity (including species richness and composition), spatial patterns (including plant geography and landscape ecology), temporal changes (including demography, community dynamics and palaeoecology) and processes (including ecophysiology), provided the focus is on increasing our understanding of plant communities. The Journal publishes papers on the ecology of a single species only if it plays a key role in structuring plant communities. Papers that apply ecological concepts, theories and methods to the vegetation management, conservation and restoration, and papers on vegetation survey should be directed to our associate journal, Applied Vegetation Science journal.
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