危地马拉农村地区作为致病立克次体和巴顿氏菌哨兵的狗体外寄生虫

IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Acta tropica Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI:10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107401
Yuexun Tian , Jose G. Juarez , Andrea M. Moller-Vasquez , María Granados-Presa , Francisco C. Ferreira , Pamela M. Pennington , Norma Padilla , Gabriel L. Hamer , Sarah A. Hamer
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引用次数: 0

摘要

跳蚤和蜱虫是立克次体属和巴顿氏菌属多种病原体的传播媒介,可导致人类和其他动物患病。虽然中美洲所有国家都有人类立克次体病和巴顿氏菌病的报道,但对跳蚤和蜱虫传播的立克次体病和巴顿氏菌病自然周期的研究却很有限,尤其是在危地马拉。我们通过对狗身上的蜱虫和跳蚤进行取样,然后对其进行立克次体和巴顿氏菌的鉴定和单独筛查,从而评估了狗寄生虫作为危地马拉农村地区人畜共患病风险哨兵的作用。共调查了 77 户家庭,其中 80.5% 的家庭养有狗。总共对 133 只狗进行了跳蚤和蜱虫检查,其中 68.4 % 的狗身上有跳蚤,35.3 % 的狗身上有蜱虫。从受感染的狗身上共采集到 433 只跳蚤和 181 只蜱虫,另外还从房屋墙壁上采集到 33 只蜱虫。鉴定出三种跳蚤:Ctenocephalides felis(70.0 %)、Echidnophaga gallinacea(11.8 %)和 Pulex sp.(17.8 %)。在收集到的蜱虫中,97%被鉴定为Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato,其余为Amblyomma cajennense、A. auricularium和A. ovale。在六只长尾鼬、一只长尾鼬和两只长尾鼬中检测到了长尾立克次体,在一只长尾鼬中检测到了塞内加尔立克次体。仅在跳蚤体内检测到巴顿氏菌,其中包括 3 只分别感染了 B. vinsonii subsp.本研究首次报告了危地马拉的塞内加尔立克次体和贝克霍夫亚种,并指出了人类和狗接触立克次体和巴顿氏菌的潜在风险。这些结果表明,狗为管理危地马拉农村地区人类接触跳蚤和蜱传病原体的潜在风险提供了重要信息。这种方法有可能推广到中美洲其他地区,因为这些地区家犬数量众多,并受到体外寄生虫的侵扰。
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Dog ectoparasites as sentinels for pathogenic Rickettsia and Bartonella in rural Guatemala

Fleas and ticks serve as vectors of multiple pathogens in the genera Rickettsia and Bartonella that cause diseases in humans and other animals. Although human rickettsiosis and bartonellosis have been reported in all countries in Central America, limited research has been conducted to investigate the natural cycles of flea- and tick-borne rickettsiosis and bartonellosis, especially in Guatemala. We evaluated dog parasites as sentinels for zoonotic disease risk in rural Guatemala by sampling ticks and fleas from dogs, which were then identified and individually screened for Rickettsia and Bartonella. A total of 77 households were surveyed and 80.5 % of them had dogs. Overall, 133 dogs were examined for fleas and ticks, of which 68.4 % had fleas and 35.3 % had ticks. A total of 433 fleas and 181 ticks were collected from the infested dogs, with an additional 33 ticks collected from house walls. Three flea species were identified: Ctenocephalides felis (70.0 %), Echidnophaga gallinacea (11.8 %), and Pulex sp. (17.8 %). Among the collected ticks, 97 % were identified as Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato with the rest being Amblyomma cajennense, A. auricularium, and A. ovale. Rickettsia felis were detected in six C. felis, in one Pulex sp., and in two R. sanguineus sensu lato, while Candidatus R. senegalensis was detected in one C. felis. Bartonella was detected only in fleas, including three Pulex sp. infected with B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii, B. henselae, and Bartonella sp., respectively, and 11 C. felis infected with B. henselae. This study reports Candidatus R. senegalensis and B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii in Guatemala for the first time, and indicates the potential risk of human and dog exposure to Rickettsia and Bartonella species. These results show that dogs provide critical information relevant to managing human potential exposure to flea- and tick-borne pathogens in rural Guatemala. This approach can potentially be expanded to other regions in Central America where domestic dogs are abundant and suffer from ectoparasite infestation.

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来源期刊
Acta tropica
Acta tropica 医学-寄生虫学
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
11.10%
发文量
383
审稿时长
37 days
期刊介绍: Acta Tropica, is an international journal on infectious diseases that covers public health sciences and biomedical research with particular emphasis on topics relevant to human and animal health in the tropics and the subtropics.
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