Sebastian Ochoa, Amy P. Hsu, Andrew J. Oler, Dhaneshwar Kumar, Daniel Chauss, Jan Piet van Hamburg, Gustaaf G. van Laar, Vasileios Oikonomou, Sundar Ganesan, Elise M. N. Ferré, Monica M. Schmitt, Tom DiMaggio, Princess Barber, Gregory M. Constantine, Lindsey B. Rosen, Paul G. Auwaerter, Bhumika Gandhi, Jennifer L. Miller, Rachel Eisenberg, Arye Rubinstein, Edith Schussler, Erjola Balliu, Vandana Shashi, Olaf Neth, Peter Olbrich, Kim My Le, Nanni Mamia, Saila Laakso, Pasi I. Nevalainen, Juha Grönholm, Mikko R. J. Seppänen, Louis Boon, Gulbu Uzel, Luis M. Franco, Theo Heller, Karen K. Winer, Rajarshi Ghosh, Bryce A. Seifert, Magdalena Walkiewicz, Luigi D. Notarangelo, Qing Zhou, Ivona Askentijevich, William Gahl, Cliffton L. Dalgard, Lalith Perera, Behdad Afzali, Sander W. Tas, Steven M. Holland, Michail S. Lionakis
{"title":"深内含子剪接改变的AIRE变体通过反义寡核苷酸靶向伪外显子包涵导致APECED综合征","authors":"Sebastian Ochoa, Amy P. Hsu, Andrew J. Oler, Dhaneshwar Kumar, Daniel Chauss, Jan Piet van Hamburg, Gustaaf G. van Laar, Vasileios Oikonomou, Sundar Ganesan, Elise M. N. Ferré, Monica M. Schmitt, Tom DiMaggio, Princess Barber, Gregory M. Constantine, Lindsey B. Rosen, Paul G. Auwaerter, Bhumika Gandhi, Jennifer L. Miller, Rachel Eisenberg, Arye Rubinstein, Edith Schussler, Erjola Balliu, Vandana Shashi, Olaf Neth, Peter Olbrich, Kim My Le, Nanni Mamia, Saila Laakso, Pasi I. Nevalainen, Juha Grönholm, Mikko R. J. Seppänen, Louis Boon, Gulbu Uzel, Luis M. Franco, Theo Heller, Karen K. Winer, Rajarshi Ghosh, Bryce A. Seifert, Magdalena Walkiewicz, Luigi D. Notarangelo, Qing Zhou, Ivona Askentijevich, William Gahl, Cliffton L. Dalgard, Lalith Perera, Behdad Afzali, Sander W. Tas, Steven M. Holland, Michail S. Lionakis","doi":"10.1126/scitranslmed.adk0845","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div >Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a life-threatening monogenic autoimmune disorder primarily caused by biallelic deleterious variants in the autoimmune regulator (<i>AIRE</i>) gene. We prospectively evaluated 104 patients with clinically diagnosed APECED syndrome and identified 17 patients (16%) from 14 kindreds lacking biallelic <i>AIRE</i> variants in exons or flanking intronic regions; 15 had Puerto Rican ancestry. Through whole-genome sequencing, we identified a deep intronic <i>AIRE</i> variant (c.1504-818 G>A) cosegregating with the disease in all 17 patients. We developed a culture system of <i>AIRE</i>-expressing primary patient monocyte-derived dendric cells and demonstrated that c.1504-818 G>A creates a cryptic splice site and activates inclusion of a 109–base pair frame-shifting pseudoexon. We also found low-level <i>AIRE</i> expression in patient-derived lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) and confirmed pseudoexon inclusion in independent extrathymic <i>AIRE</i>–expressing cell lines. Through protein modeling and transcriptomic analyses of <i>AIRE</i>-transfected human embryonic kidney 293 and thymic epithelial cell 4D6 cells, we showed that this variant alters the carboxyl terminus of the AIRE protein, abrogating its function. Last, we developed an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) that reversed pseudoexon inclusion and restored the normal <i>AIRE</i> transcript sequence in LCLs. Thus, our findings revealed c.1504-818 G>A as a founder APECED-causing <i>AIRE</i> variant in the Puerto Rican population and uncovered pseudoexon inclusion as an ASO-reversible genetic mechanism underlying APECED.</div>","PeriodicalId":21580,"journal":{"name":"Science Translational Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":15.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A deep intronic splice–altering AIRE variant causes APECED syndrome through antisense oligonucleotide-targetable pseudoexon inclusion\",\"authors\":\"Sebastian Ochoa, Amy P. Hsu, Andrew J. Oler, Dhaneshwar Kumar, Daniel Chauss, Jan Piet van Hamburg, Gustaaf G. van Laar, Vasileios Oikonomou, Sundar Ganesan, Elise M. N. Ferré, Monica M. Schmitt, Tom DiMaggio, Princess Barber, Gregory M. Constantine, Lindsey B. Rosen, Paul G. Auwaerter, Bhumika Gandhi, Jennifer L. Miller, Rachel Eisenberg, Arye Rubinstein, Edith Schussler, Erjola Balliu, Vandana Shashi, Olaf Neth, Peter Olbrich, Kim My Le, Nanni Mamia, Saila Laakso, Pasi I. Nevalainen, Juha Grönholm, Mikko R. J. Seppänen, Louis Boon, Gulbu Uzel, Luis M. Franco, Theo Heller, Karen K. Winer, Rajarshi Ghosh, Bryce A. Seifert, Magdalena Walkiewicz, Luigi D. Notarangelo, Qing Zhou, Ivona Askentijevich, William Gahl, Cliffton L. Dalgard, Lalith Perera, Behdad Afzali, Sander W. Tas, Steven M. Holland, Michail S. Lionakis\",\"doi\":\"10.1126/scitranslmed.adk0845\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div >Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a life-threatening monogenic autoimmune disorder primarily caused by biallelic deleterious variants in the autoimmune regulator (<i>AIRE</i>) gene. We prospectively evaluated 104 patients with clinically diagnosed APECED syndrome and identified 17 patients (16%) from 14 kindreds lacking biallelic <i>AIRE</i> variants in exons or flanking intronic regions; 15 had Puerto Rican ancestry. Through whole-genome sequencing, we identified a deep intronic <i>AIRE</i> variant (c.1504-818 G>A) cosegregating with the disease in all 17 patients. We developed a culture system of <i>AIRE</i>-expressing primary patient monocyte-derived dendric cells and demonstrated that c.1504-818 G>A creates a cryptic splice site and activates inclusion of a 109–base pair frame-shifting pseudoexon. We also found low-level <i>AIRE</i> expression in patient-derived lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) and confirmed pseudoexon inclusion in independent extrathymic <i>AIRE</i>–expressing cell lines. Through protein modeling and transcriptomic analyses of <i>AIRE</i>-transfected human embryonic kidney 293 and thymic epithelial cell 4D6 cells, we showed that this variant alters the carboxyl terminus of the AIRE protein, abrogating its function. Last, we developed an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) that reversed pseudoexon inclusion and restored the normal <i>AIRE</i> transcript sequence in LCLs. 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A deep intronic splice–altering AIRE variant causes APECED syndrome through antisense oligonucleotide-targetable pseudoexon inclusion
Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a life-threatening monogenic autoimmune disorder primarily caused by biallelic deleterious variants in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene. We prospectively evaluated 104 patients with clinically diagnosed APECED syndrome and identified 17 patients (16%) from 14 kindreds lacking biallelic AIRE variants in exons or flanking intronic regions; 15 had Puerto Rican ancestry. Through whole-genome sequencing, we identified a deep intronic AIRE variant (c.1504-818 G>A) cosegregating with the disease in all 17 patients. We developed a culture system of AIRE-expressing primary patient monocyte-derived dendric cells and demonstrated that c.1504-818 G>A creates a cryptic splice site and activates inclusion of a 109–base pair frame-shifting pseudoexon. We also found low-level AIRE expression in patient-derived lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) and confirmed pseudoexon inclusion in independent extrathymic AIRE–expressing cell lines. Through protein modeling and transcriptomic analyses of AIRE-transfected human embryonic kidney 293 and thymic epithelial cell 4D6 cells, we showed that this variant alters the carboxyl terminus of the AIRE protein, abrogating its function. Last, we developed an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) that reversed pseudoexon inclusion and restored the normal AIRE transcript sequence in LCLs. Thus, our findings revealed c.1504-818 G>A as a founder APECED-causing AIRE variant in the Puerto Rican population and uncovered pseudoexon inclusion as an ASO-reversible genetic mechanism underlying APECED.
期刊介绍:
Science Translational Medicine is an online journal that focuses on publishing research at the intersection of science, engineering, and medicine. The goal of the journal is to promote human health by providing a platform for researchers from various disciplines to communicate their latest advancements in biomedical, translational, and clinical research.
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