Can a Surgical Vulnerability Score Predict Outcomes of Hip Reconstruction in Children with Severe Neuromuscular Disability?

Background

Hip surgery is often necessary for children with severe neuromuscular disabilities to avoid chronic pain resulting from hip migration. This study correlated the Surgical Vulnerability Score (SVS), a novel measure of physiological reserve, with reconstructive hip surgery outcomes to improve shared surgical decision-making.

Materials and methods

Sixty-eight cases performed by a single surgeon were retrospectively evaluated. Cases were graded according to physiological vulnerability using the SVS, which was then correlated with two outcomes: length of hospital stay (LOS) and severity of postoperative complications. The Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level was used as a baseline comparison. Sub-analysis compared results for patients who underwent only a femoral varus derotation osteotomy (VDRO) (n = 48) with those who underwent a combined VDRO and Dega Pelvic Osteotomy (Dega PO) (n = 20).

Results

Results showed that a higher SVS was associated with increased LOS (p = 0.001) and severity of postoperative complications (p = 0.0008). A greater GMFCS level was not associated with either LOS (p = 0.246) or the severity of postoperative complications (p = 0.282). For patients who underwent only a VDRO, an increase in SVS had no association with LOS (p = 0.483) or severity of complications (p = 0.981). However, for patients who underwent both a VDRO and Dega PO, a higher SVS was associated with increased LOS (p = 0.0002) and severity of complications (p = 0.0001).

Conclusions

The SVS can aid surgical decision-making and prepare the child’s family for surgery. Early intervention and fixation using only a VDRO may lead to better outcomes, underscoring the importance of hip surveillance programs in the early identification of migrating hips.