Impact of Nonlocality Effects in Proton Optical Potential from Folding Model on \(p\)+\(^{16}\)O Elastic Scattering at Low Energies

We employ the single folding model to calculate the optical potential (OP) for the \(p\)+\(^{16}\)O scattering system, in which the exchange term of the OP is nonlocal. In most studies, this term is approximated to a local form to simplify the calculations. In this work, the folding OP, including the nonlocal exchange term, is constructed based on the CDM3Y3 effective nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction. The Schrödinger equation for the nucleon-nucleus scattering with the nonlocal OP is solved exactly using the Lagrange-mesh R-matrix method. By comparing the scattering cross sections calculated with the nonlocal potential and the localized approximation, we can assess the impact of the nonlocality effects in proton-nucleus elastic scattering. The calculated results demonstrate that the nonlocality effect of the OP significantly influences the low-energy elastic scattering cross sections of \(p\)+\(^{16}\)O .