距离我们最近的 S0 NGC3115 低密度环境周围的低表面亮度矮星系及其球状星团群

Marco A. Canossa-Gosteinski, Ana L. Chies-Santos, Cristina Furlanetto, Charles J. Bonatto, Rodrigo Flores-Freitas, William Schoenell, Michael A. Beasley, Roderik Overzier, Basilio X. Santiago, Adriano Pieres, Emílio J. B. Zanatta, Karla A. Alamo-Martinez, Eduardo Balbinot, Anna B. A. Queiroz, Alan Alves-Brito
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摘要

了解暗矮星系是发展小尺度星系形成的可靠理论的基础。自从在柯马发现了富含球状星团(GCs)的超漫射星系(UDGs)群以来,近年来发表的关于低表面亮度矮星系(LSBds)的研究越来越多。质量最大的矮星系主要是在星系群和星团中被观测到的,它们的性质显示出对环境的依赖性。在这项工作中,我们利用深DECam成像技术,系统地识别了NGC 3115低密度环境周围的LSBds及其GC群。我们仔细分析了 24 个候选者的结构和形态,其中 18 个是首次报道。大多数候选星呈现红色,这表明它们的颜色与与NGC 3115的距离有关。我们利用双子座全球移动观测卫星对 9 个 LSBds 进行了跟踪成像,以正确识别它们的 GC 群体。我们得出了与每个星系相关的GC数量的下限。我们的分析表明,它们出现在Fornax LSB矮GC星系的相同位置周围。GCs数量与总质量之间的关系提供了一个工具,通过计算这些星系中的GCs数量,我们可以估算出这些LSB矮星的总质量上限,得到的平均值是$\sim 3.3\times10^{10}$ M$_{\odot}$。我们的结果符合对矮星系的预期,特别是关于它们的GC系统的分布和特定频率。
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Low surface brightness dwarf galaxies and their globular cluster populations around the low-density environment of our closest S0 NGC3115
Understanding faint dwarf galaxies is fundamental to the development of a robust theory of galaxy formation on small scales. Since the discovery of a population of ultra diffuse galaxies (UDGs) rich in globular clusters (GCs) in Coma, an increasing number of studies on low surface brightness dwarf galaxies (LSBds) have been published in recent years. The most massive LSBds have been observed predominantly in groups and clusters, with properties displaying dependence on the environment. In this work, we use deep DECam imaging to systematically identify LSBds and their GC populations around the low-density environment of NGC 3115. We carefully analyse the structure and morphology of 24 candidates, 18 of which are reported for the first time. Most candidates exhibit red colours suggesting a connection between their colour and distance to NGC 3115. We followed up with Gemini GMOS imaging 9 LSBds to properly identify their GC populations. We derive lower limits for the number of GCs associated with each galaxy. Our analysis reveals that they occur around of the same loci of Fornax LSB dwarf GC systems. The relationship between the number of GCs and total mass provides a tool in which, by counting the GCs in these galaxies, we estimate an upper limit for the total mass of these LSB dwarfs, obtaining the mean value of $\sim 3.3\times10^{10}$ M$_{\odot}$. Our results align with expectations for dwarf-sized galaxies, particularly regarding the distribution and specific frequency of their GC systems.
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