变化外观的活动星系核 1ES 1927+654 的星盘和日冕之间的相互作用

Ruancun LiKavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University, Claudio Ricci, Luis C. Ho, Benny Trakhtenbrot, Erin Kara, Megan Masterson, Iair Arcavi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

对活动星系核(AGN)的时域研究为了解黑洞吸积物理学提供了有力的工具。在2017年12月23日的光学爆发之前,1ES 1927+654被归类为 "真正的"~2型AGN,是一个在偏振谱图中本质上没有宽线发射的无遮挡源。通过为期三年的X射线紫外/光学波长监测活动,我们分析了1ES 1927+654爆发后光谱能量分布(SED)的演变。对内在 SED 的研究以及随后使用不同模型进行的建模显示,爆发后的光谱最好是由圆盘、黑体和日冕成分组合而成的。我们检测到了系统的 SED 变异,并确定了这些成分演化过程中的四个不同阶段。在事件发生期间,增殖率通常高于爱丁顿极限。紫外光度和光学到X射线斜率($\alpha_\mathrm{OX}$)之间的相关性类似于之前对1型AGN的研究,但表现出两个斜率相反的明显分支。光学测光校正因子($k\appa_{5100}$)比典型的AGN高$\sim 10$倍,同样显示出两个不同的分支。日冕光学深度、磁盘表面密度和$\alpha_\mathrm{OX}$之间的相关性为磁盘与日冕之间的联系提供了有力的证据。X射线日冕在紧密度-温度曲线图中显示出系统性的变化。在 200 到 650 天之间,日冕是 "越亮越热",而在 650 天之后,则是 "越冷越亮"。这种双峰行为与$\alpha_\mathrm{OX}$和$\kappa_{5100}$的分叉分支相结合,有力地证明了在爆发后650天,日冕从一个细长的圆盘过渡到一个薄圆盘。
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The Interplay between the Disk and Corona of the Changing-look Active Galactic Nucleus 1ES 1927+654
Time-domain studies of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) offer a powerful tool for understanding black hole accretion physics. Prior to the optical outburst on 23 December 2017, 1ES 1927+654 was classified as a "true" type~2 AGN, an unobscured source intrinsically devoid of broad-line emission in polarized spectra. Through our three-year monitoring campaign spanning X-ray to ultraviolet/optical wavelengths, we analyze the post-outburst evolution of the spectral energy distribution (SED) of 1ES 1927+654. Examination of the intrinsic SED and subsequent modeling using different models reveal that the post-outburst spectrum is best described by a combination of a disk, blackbody, and corona components. We detect systematic SED variability and identify four distinct stages in the evolution of these components. During the event the accretion rate is typically above the Eddington limit. The correlation between ultraviolet luminosity and optical to X-ray slope ($\alpha_\mathrm{OX}$) resembles that seen in previous studies of type 1 AGNs, yet exhibits two distinct branches with opposite slopes. The optical bolometric correction factor ($\kappa_{5100}$) is $\sim 10$ times higher than typical AGNs, again displaying two distinct branches. Correlations among the corona optical depth, disk surface density, and $\alpha_\mathrm{OX}$ provide compelling evidence of a disk-corona connection. The X-ray corona showcases systematic variation in the compactness-temperature plot. Between 200 and 650 days, the corona is "hotter-when-brighter", whereas after 650 days, it becomes "cooler-when-brighter". This bimodal behavior, in conjunction with the bifurcated branches of $\alpha_\mathrm{OX}$ and $\kappa_{5100}$, offers strong evidence of a transition from a slim disk to thin disk $\sim 650$ days after the outburst.
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